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Understanding the Effects of CoAl2O4 Inoculant Additions on Microstructure in Additively Manufactured Inconel 718 Processed Via Selective Laser Melting

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Abstract

The effect of varying amounts of CoAl2O4 inoculant ranging from 0 to 2 wt pct on the microstructure evolution of Inconel 718(IN718) fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM) was evaluated. Characterization of the as-built microstructure revealed that addition of CoAl2O4 resulted in a modest degree of grain refinement with a slight increase in microstructural anisotropy. Increasing the total CoAl2O4 content beyond 0.2 wt pct resulted in severe agglomeration of the non-metallic particles and the formation of slag inclusions measuring up to 100 μm in size present in the as-built microstructure. In addition to large agglomerates, the inoculant was chemically reduced to form a fine dispersion of submicron-sized Al2O3 particles throughout the IN718 matrix. The fine dispersion of oxides significantly hindered grain recrystallization during the post-fabrication heat treatment due to a Zener pinning effect. The findings from this study indicate in order to effectively utilize CoAl2O4 as a grain refining inoculant for additive manufacturing, the process parameters need to be optimized to avoid agglomeration of the non-metallic particles and other process-related defects.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Science Foundation CMMI # 1663068 and the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), Taiwan MOST108-2218-E007-009

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA

    Dhruv Tiparti, I-Ting Ho & Sammy Tin

  2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan (R.O.C.)

    Kai-Chun Chang, Tzu-Hou Hsu & An-Chou Yeh

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  1. Dhruv Tiparti
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Correspondence to Dhruv Tiparti.

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Manuscript submitted December 18, 2020, accepted March 18, 2021.

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Tiparti, D., Ho, IT., Chang, KC. et al. Understanding the Effects of CoAl2O4 Inoculant Additions on Microstructure in Additively Manufactured Inconel 718 Processed Via Selective Laser Melting. Metall Mater Trans A 52, 2630–2641 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-021-06255-z

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