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Quadruple histogram shifting-based reversible information hiding approach for digital images

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Abstract

Nowadays, data hiding techniques are one of the most growing researching areas. This paper introduces a quadruple histogram shifting-based reversible data embedding approach for digital images. Pixel differences distribution is utilized for maximizing the hiding payload capacity while preserving minimum degradations for stego-images. The improved histogram-based reversible data embedding algorithm is designed with the potential of maximizing the hiding payload capacity while keeping a perfect stego-image quality with data lossless. The proposed algorithm utilizes a 3 × 3 -box predictive filter and can hide 2-bits per pixel to increase the payload capacity. Firstly, an embedding phase has been performed by applying a numerical ordering strategy of the pixels to be predicted by the 3-by-3 box filter. The proposed algorithm is performing this ordering strategy in four stages to avoid affecting the follow-up prediction of all other pixels. In the other side, an extracting phase has been performed by reversing the four stages to generate the embedded data. The comparison with state-of-the-art schemes is performed to validate and guarantee the prevalence of the improved histogram-based reversible data embedding approach. The obtained test results demonstrated and confirmed that the proposed improved histogram-based reversible data embedding approach not only can improve the payload capacity but also can save the stego-image quality.

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Acknowledgements

This study was funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research, Taif University Researchers Supporting Project number (TURSP-2020/08), Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.

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Correspondence to Mohamed A. Elaskily.

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Faragallah, O.S., Elaskily, M.A., Alenezi, A.F. et al. Quadruple histogram shifting-based reversible information hiding approach for digital images. Multimed Tools Appl 80, 26297–26317 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-021-10956-3

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