Abstract
Background
Endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) disrupt homeostasis via the dysregulation of hormone synthesis and metabolism. Bisphenol A (BPA) is widely used in consumer products, such as thermal receipts, water bottles, and baby bottles. However, BPA is also an EDC that acts as an estrogen agonist, and human exposure to BPA can lead to estrogenic effects. Consequently, manufacturers have started investigating the properties and effects of alternatives to BPA, molecules such as bisphenol F (BPF) and bisphenol S (BPS).
Objective
Although multiple studies have demonstrated the adverse effect of bisphenols, it remains unknown whether bisphenols affect human lung fibroblast cells. In this study, we investigated the cytotoxic effects of BPA, BPF, and BPS on the MRC5 human lung fibroblast cell line.
Results
We examined and compared the effects of BPA and its alternatives on cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis.
Conclusion
Brief exposures to low concentrations of BPA, BPF, and BPS had no effects on cell viability, cell cycle progression, or apoptosis among MRC5 human lung fibroblast cells.
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Acknowledgements
This work supported by the Korea Environment Industry & Technology Institute (KEITI) through “The Environmental Health Action Program” funded by Korea Ministry of Environment (MOE), Grant & Award Number: 2017001360007. This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MIST) (NRF-2018R1D1A1B07050755). This research was also supported by the Chung-Ang University Graduate Research Scholarship in 2019.
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Overall conceptualization, J-YK and J-WK; methodology and investigation, J-YK, MJK, C-HK, M-JA, G-SS, H-ML, and J-WK; data analysis, J-YK and J-WK; statistical analysis, J-YK, MJK, and C-HK writing-original draft, J-YK and J-WK; writing-review and editing, J-YK and J-WK; funding acquisition, J-WK; supervision and project administration, J-WK.
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Ji-Young Kim, Mi Jin Kim, Mi-Jin An, Geun-Seup Shin, Hyun-Min Lee, Chul-Hong Kim, and Jung-Woong Kim declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
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Kim, JY., Shin, GS., Kim, CH. et al. The cytotoxic effects of bisphenol A alternatives in human lung fibroblast MRC5 cells. Mol. Cell. Toxicol. 17, 267–276 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13273-021-00133-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13273-021-00133-w