Abstract
Diversity of extremophilic microorganisms in mud volcanoes is largely unexplored. Here, we report the isolation of a novel alkaliphilic, mesophilic, fermentative bacterium (strain F-3apT) from a terrestrial mud volcano located at the Taman peninsula, Russia. Cells of strain F-3apT are Gram-stain-positive non-motile rods. The formation of endospores is not observed. The temperature range for growth is 14–42 °C, with an optimum at 37 °C. The pH range for growth is 7.5–11.0, with an optimum at pH 9.0. The isolate utilizes various organic polymeric substances, organic acids, carbohydrates, and proteinaceous compounds. The end products of glucose fermentation are ethanol, CO2, and H2. The major cellular fatty acids of strain F-3apT are C16:0, C16:1, and C14:0. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that strain F-3apT belongs to the order Clostridiales, with less than 91% of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to any species with a validly published name. The total size of the genome of strain F-3apT is 2.98 Mb, and a genomic DNA G + C content is 56.78 mol%. The whole-genome phylogenetic analysis confirms that strain F-3apT forms a distinct lineage within Clostridia. We propose to assign strain F-3apT to a new species of a novel genus Anaerotalea alkaliphila gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain is F-3apT (= KCTC 15917 T = VKM B-3406 T).
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Acknowledgements
The work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project no. 17-74-30025 (isolation and physiological studies). The work on genome sequencing, assembly and annotation and taxonomic studies was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation. The work of A.A.N. at the Gubkin University (lipid extraction and analysis) was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project 20-79-10388.
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Frolova, A., Merkel, A.Y., Novikov, A.A. et al. Anaerotalea alkaliphila gen. nov., sp. nov., an alkaliphilic, anaerobic, fermentative bacterium isolated from a terrestrial mud volcano. Extremophiles 25, 301–309 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00792-021-01229-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00792-021-01229-w