Abstract
Organic phosphorus (Po) plays an important role in tropical forest nutrition on strongly-weathered soils. However, of its role in Eucalyptus nutrition little is known. For this purpose, soil P forms were determined by NaOH-Na2EDTA extraction and 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P NMR) at 10 sites of Eucalyptus plantations in Brazil. The objectives were (1) to determine the amounts and forms of soil Po; (2) to build a structural model of the soil P cycle to provide quantitative estimates of the transformation processes of soil P. Soil P was found to consist of large amounts of Monoesters-P (on average 43.7 mg kg−1) followed by Diesters-P in the form of DNA (on average 4.2 mg kg−1), as well as containing high reserves of Pi species (on average 101.6 mg kg−1 of the ortho-P; 2.7 mg kg−1 of the pyrophosphate). Thestructural model indicated that the P cycle is regulated by clay, soil organic carbon, total P and pH. High total Po concentrations (on average 48 mg kg−1) reveal a high potential of P supply to Eucalyptus trees, in which Diester-P (DNA) would be the main source P for the available P pool. The close interconnection between ortho-P, pyrophosphate, DNA and Monoester-P compounds provides evidence of a strong influence of soil biological activity on the distribution and accumulation of these P compounds and therefore on the availability of P. Thus, these results are relevant to establish soil fertility management strategies for low-fertilizer input Eucalyptus systems in soils with low fertility.
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Acknowledgements
We thank the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico—CNPq [Grant 302784/2017-9] for the award of na overseas research fellowship to Antonio Carlos Gama-Rodrigues, the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—CAPES [Grant 88882.14549/2019-01, Postdoctoral Scholarship; Finance Code 001, Master Scholarship], and the Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo—FAPESP [Grant 2010/16623-9, Thematic Project] for their financial support. We would also like to thank the Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz—ESALQ/USP, and Instituto de Pesquisas e Estudos Florestais—IPEF for their technical support. The authors thank the anonymous reviewers for their relevant comments and suggestions on the manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only.
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Rinaldi, L.C.B., Aleixo, S., da Silva, E.C. et al. 31P NMR spectroscopy and structural models of soil organic phosphorus under Eucalyptus. Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst 120, 83–97 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-021-10139-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-021-10139-4