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Low Temperature Heat Transfer in Plate Heat Exchanger Using Ethylene Glycol–Water Based Al2O3 Nanofluid

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Abstract

In present work, experimental studies were carried out in a plate heat exchanger to investigate heat transfer characteristics such as heat transfer rate, overall heat transfer coefficient, convective heat transfer coefficient, effectiveness and pumping power for a 35:65 (v/v) ratio ethylene glycol and water mixture based Al2O3 nanofluid in weight concentration range of 0.2% to 2%. Distilled water was used as hot fluid and nanofluid as cold fluid. The effect of nanopowder concentration on heat transfer was investigated for 10 and − 5 °C inlet temperature and different flow rates of nanofluid. The result shows that substantial improvement in heat transfer was attained using nanofluid compared with base fluid (EG:water mixture). The overall heat transfer coefficient showed enhancement of 14.99% and 12.29% for nanofluid of 2 wt% concentration compared to base fluid (EG:water) at 10 °C and – 5 °C nanofluid inlet temperature respectively. However, a slight increase in pumping power was observed due to the increase in particle concentration. Effectiveness was found to be more at higher weight concentration. Correlation are proposed to predict the effective thermal conductivity and Nusselt number.

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Abbreviations

ASHRAE :

American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers

B :

Mean channel spacing (m)

BR :

Base ratio

c p :

Specific heat capacity (J·kg−1·K−1)

DI :

Distilled water

D h :

Hydrodynamic diameter (m)

EG:water:

Ethylene Glycol and water mixture

FESEM:

Field emission scanning electron microscopy

h :

Convective heat transfer coefficient (W·m−2·K−1)

k :

Thermal conductivity (W·m−1·K−1)

L eff :

Effective length of PHE (m)

m :

Mass of nanoparticles (g)

m hf :

Mass flow rate of hot fluid (kg·s−1)

m nf :

Mass flow rate of nanofluid (kg·s−1)

N cp :

Number of channels

NTU :

Number of transfer units

Nu :

Nusselt number

Pr :

Prandtl number

Q :

Heat transfer (W)

Re :

Reynolds number

T :

Temperature (K)

U :

Overall heat transfer coefficient (W·m−2·K−1)

β :

Chevron angle

ρ :

Density (kg·m−3)

µ :

Viscosity (cP)

ϕ w :

Weight concentration

ϕ v :

Volume concentration

Avg :

Average

bf :

Base fluid

c :

Cold side

e :

Effective

h :

Hot side

hf :

Hot fluid

max :

Maximum

min :

Minimum

np :

Nanoparticles

nf :

Nanofluid

in :

Inlet

out :

Outlet

t :

Thickness

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge the Aeronautics Research & Development Board (AR&DB) of Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), India for the financial support under project sanction Grant No. of ARDB/01/2031857/M/I

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, Telangana, 506004, India

    Kyathanahalli Marigowda Yashawantha, Gaurav Gurjar & A. Venu Vinod

Authors
  1. Kyathanahalli Marigowda Yashawantha
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  2. Gaurav Gurjar
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  3. A. Venu Vinod
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. Venu Vinod.

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Appendix 1: Outlet temperature (°C) of the base fluid and nanofluid at different nanofluid inlet temperature (°C)

Appendix 1: Outlet temperature (°C) of the base fluid and nanofluid at different nanofluid inlet temperature (°C)

Base fluid

0.2 wt%

0.5 wt%

1 wt%

1.5 wt%

2wt%

Th,in

Tc,in

Th,out

Tc,out

Th,out

Tc,out

Th,out

Tc,out

Th,out

Tc,out

Th,out

Tc,out

Th,out

Tc,out

60

− 5

21.1

43.9

20.8

44.1

20.6

44.4

20.4

44.7

20.1

45

19.9

45.3

60

− 5

18.9

41.1

18.5

41.3

18.3

41.6

18.1

41.9

17.8

42.3

17.6

42.8

60

− 5

17.1

38.6

16.8

38.9

16.6

39.2

16.4

39.4

16.1

39.8

15.9

40.5

60

− 5

15.8

36.9

15.5

37.3

15.3

37.6

14.9

37.8

14.6

38.2

14.3

38.7

60

− 5

14.2

34.6

13.9

35.1

13.7

35.3

13.3

35.5

12.9

35.9

12.7

36.4

60

− 5

12.8

32.8

12.5

33.3

12.3

33.5

11.9

33.7

11.6

34.4

11.3

34.6

60

− 5

11.3

30.9

11

31.4

10.8

31.6

10.4

32

10

32.4

9.8

32.7

60

10

31.6

45.7

31.4

46

31

46.1

30.8

46.6

30.6

46.8

30.4

47.3

60

10

30.4

44.1

30.2

44.5

29.8

44.6

29.6

45

29.4

45.4

29.1

45.7

60

10

29.2

42

29

42.4

28.7

42.7

28.4

43

28.1

43.3

27.8

43.6

60

10

27.9

40.5

27.6

40.9

27.3

41.1

26.9

41.5

26.7

41.9

26.3

42.1

60

10

26.9

38.7

26.5

39.1

26.3

39.3

25.9

39.8

25.7

40.1

25.3

40.3

60

10

25.3

36.7

24.9

37.1

24.7

37.3

24.3

37.8

24

38.1

23.7

38.3

60

10

24.3

35.2

23.9

35.6

23.7

35.8

23.2

36.2

23

36.6

22.7

36.8

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Yashawantha, K.M., Gurjar, G. & Vinod, A.V. Low Temperature Heat Transfer in Plate Heat Exchanger Using Ethylene Glycol–Water Based Al2O3 Nanofluid. Int J Thermophys 42, 90 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10765-021-02843-8

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