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Global genotype by environment trends in growth traits for Eucalyptus dunnii

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Abstract

Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden (Dunn’s white gum) is a fast-growing tall tree with a restricted natural distribution in south-east Australia and favorable wood properties for pulp production. In this study, selected and native forest family seedlots of E. dunnii were evaluated in 17 open-pollinated progeny trials located in Australia, Uruguay, China, Argentina, and Spain for diameter at breast height and total height between the ages of 1 and 7 years. The generality of the factor analytic approach was extended to accommodate unbalance in treatment effects and traits, by modelling each dimension of the genotype covariance matrix as a unique combination of location, age, and trait. Genetic correlations between the two growth traits, between trials and between ages were generally high with only five trials exhibiting average trial-trial correlations below 0.7, indicating genotype by environment interactions were low. Estimated individual seedlot repeatability varied from 0.04 to 0.18 for both traits. The results of this study show that selection and deployment across multiple trials within Australia, Uruguay, China, and Argentina is possible from a single breeding program of E. dunnii, however some environments will require further investigation to determine the drivers of the observed GxE.

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Availability of data and material

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available due to commercial confidence and intellectual property but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by funding from an Innovation Connections grant. We thank Montes del Plata, UPM, Arauco Argentina, ENCE, Yong’an Forest Company, Hancock Victoria Plantations, and the Chinese Eucalypt Research Company for the provision of data from trials. We thank Barry Vaughan for reviewing the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia

    Michael G. Bird, Craig M. Hardner & Mark Dieters

  2. seedEnergy Pty. Ltd., 2 Derwent Avenue, Margate, TAS, 7054, Australia

    Michael G. Bird & Peter L. Gore

  3. Montes del Plata, Luis A. de Herrera 1248, WTC, Torre 3 Piso 9, Montevideo, Uruguay

    Mónica Heberling & Cristian Montouto

  4. Chinese Eucalypt Research Centre, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 30 Renmin Dadao, Zhanjiang, 524022, Guangdong, China

    Roger J. Arnold

  5. ENCE Energía y Celulosa SA, Ctra. A-5000, 21007, Huelva, Spain

    Federico Ruiz

  6. Arauco Argentina S.A, Ruta Nacional N°12 km 1595, Puerto Libertad, Misiones, Argentina

    Juan Schapovaloff

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Table 7 Summary of the number of each trials seedlots under categories of bulk seed orchard collections (Bulk), a mixture of experimental, operational clones and controls (Mix/Clones), an E. grandis seedlot (E. grandis), seedlots collected from the native forest population (Native Forest) and 1st and 2nd generation OP maternal selected seedlots including trial experimental design
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Bird, M.G., Hardner, C.M., Dieters, M. et al. Global genotype by environment trends in growth traits for Eucalyptus dunnii. New Forests 53, 101–123 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11056-021-09846-1

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