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A New Alternative and Efficient Low-Cost Process for the Removal of Reactive Dyes in Textile Wastewater by Using Soybean Hull as Adsorbent

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Abstract

The main objective of this work is to use soybean hull (SBH) waste as an adsorbent for the removal of two industrial textile dyes: Reactive Blue 21 (RB21) and Reactive Yellow 145 (RY145). Physical characterization of SBH and kinetic and equilibrium experiments were performed to determine the adsorption conditions. The best adsorption condition was pH 2.0 because the zero electrical charge of soybean hulls (pHZ = 0) is 5.27; thus, in an acidic pH, the adsorbent is positively charged, and the dyes keep their anionic charges due to the –SO3 and –OSO3 groups. Kinetic data were better represented by the Elovich kinetic model, evidencing two well-differentiated mass transfer regions, which agrees with a pseudo-second-order kinetic mechanism. The experimental data showed that RB21 and RY145 were fitted with Hill and Redlich–Peterson isotherm models, respectively. Consequently, the maximum adsorption capacities of SBH for RB21 and RY145 dyes were 149 mg/g and 87 mg/g, respectively. Dye adsorption in packed bed column was also assayed at different bed heights, flow rates, and inlet concentration of dyes. The Thomas, Yoon–Nelson, and modified dose-response (MDR) models fitted well to the breakthrough curves, the MDR model being the one with the highest correlation coefficients, with 96.5% and 94.4% removal of RY145 and RB21 dyes, respectively.

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Abbreviations

SBH:

Soybean hull

RB21:

Reactive Blue 21

RY145:

Reactive Yellow 145

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Lic. Federico R. Widelec and ALCONIC S.R.L. for kindly supplying the textile dyes.

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Funding

This work was supported by grants from FonCyT, Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Productiva de Argentina PICT 2015-0083 and Agencia Santafesina De Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación IO-2018-00135.

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Authors whose names appear on the submission have contributed sufficiently to the scientific work and therefore share collective responsibility and accountability for the results. EDVG and GAP designed and conducted the experiments, collected and analyzed the data, prepared the manuscript and provided operating funding through a grant; MEB and NWV assisted with the experiment design, data analysis and critiqued the manuscript. PC assisted with the revision and editing the English revision. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Guillermo Alfredo Picó.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Giordano, E.D.V., Brassesco, M.E., Camiscia, P. et al. A New Alternative and Efficient Low-Cost Process for the Removal of Reactive Dyes in Textile Wastewater by Using Soybean Hull as Adsorbent. Water Air Soil Pollut 232, 165 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-021-05085-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-021-05085-4

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