Abstract
The main objective of this work is to use soybean hull (SBH) waste as an adsorbent for the removal of two industrial textile dyes: Reactive Blue 21 (RB21) and Reactive Yellow 145 (RY145). Physical characterization of SBH and kinetic and equilibrium experiments were performed to determine the adsorption conditions. The best adsorption condition was pH 2.0 because the zero electrical charge of soybean hulls (pHZ = 0) is 5.27; thus, in an acidic pH, the adsorbent is positively charged, and the dyes keep their anionic charges due to the –SO3− and –OSO3− groups. Kinetic data were better represented by the Elovich kinetic model, evidencing two well-differentiated mass transfer regions, which agrees with a pseudo-second-order kinetic mechanism. The experimental data showed that RB21 and RY145 were fitted with Hill and Redlich–Peterson isotherm models, respectively. Consequently, the maximum adsorption capacities of SBH for RB21 and RY145 dyes were 149 mg/g and 87 mg/g, respectively. Dye adsorption in packed bed column was also assayed at different bed heights, flow rates, and inlet concentration of dyes. The Thomas, Yoon–Nelson, and modified dose-response (MDR) models fitted well to the breakthrough curves, the MDR model being the one with the highest correlation coefficients, with 96.5% and 94.4% removal of RY145 and RB21 dyes, respectively.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data Availability
Not applicable.
Abbreviations
- SBH:
-
Soybean hull
- RB21:
-
Reactive Blue 21
- RY145:
-
Reactive Yellow 145
References
Abdel-Khalek, M. A., Abdel Rahman, M. K., & Francis, A. A. (2017). Exploring the adsorption behavior of cationic and anionic dyes on industrial waste shells of egg. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 5(1), 319–327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2016.11.043.
Ahmad, A. A., & Hameed, B. H. (2010). Fixed-bed adsorption of reactive azo dye onto granular activated carbon prepared from waste. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 175(1–3), 298–303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.10.003.
Alalwan, H. A., Abbas, M. N., Abudi, Z. N., & Alminshid, A. H. (2018). Adsorption of thallium ion (Tl+3) from aqueous solutions by rice husk in a fixed-bed column: Experiment and prediction of breakthrough curves. Environmental Technology and Innovation, 12, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2018.07.001.
Al-Ansari, M. M., Saha, B., Mazloum, S., Taylor, K. E., Bewtra, J. K., & Biswas, N. (2011). Soybeans: Cultivation, Uses and Nutrition. Chapter 6. Soybean peroxidase applications in wastewater treatment (pp. 189–221). Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
Baghdadi, M. (2017). UT (University of Tehran) isotherm as a novel and useful adsorption isotherm for investigation of adsorptive removal of pollutants. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 5(2), 1906–1919. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2017.03.037.
Banerjee, S., & Chattopadhyaya, M. C. (2017). Adsorption characteristics for the removal of a toxic dye, tartrazine from aqueous solutions by a low cost agricultural by-product. Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 10, S1629–S1638. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2013.06.005.
Benkaddour, S., Slimani, R., Hiyane, H., El Ouahabi, I., Hachoumi, I., El Antri, S., & Lazar, S. (2018). Removal of reactive yellow 145 by adsorption onto treated watermelon seeds: Kinetic and isotherm studies. Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy, 10, 16–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scp.2018.08.003.
Bhatti, H. N., Jabeen, A., Iqbal, M., Noreen, S., & Naseem, Z. (2017). Adsorptive behavior of rice bran-based composites for malachite green dye: Isotherm, kinetic and thermodynamic studies. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 237, 322–333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2017.04.033.
Blanes, P. S., Bordoni, M. E., González, J. C., García, S. I., Atria, A. M., Sala, L. F., & Bellú, S. E. (2016). Application of soy hull biomass in removal of Cr(VI) from contaminated waters. Kinetic, thermodynamic and continuous sorption studies. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 4(1), 516–526. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2015.12.008.
Brassesco, M. E., Woitovich Valetti, N., & Picó, G. A. (2018). Control of the adsorption properties of alginate - guar gum matrix functionalized with epichlorohydrin through the addition of different flexible chain polymers as toll for the chymotrypsinogen isolation. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 115, 494–500. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.04.087.
Brassesco, M. E., Woitovich Valetti, N., & Picó, G. (2019). Prediction of breakthrough curves in packed-bed column as tool for lysozyme isolation using a green bed. Polymer Bulletin, 76(11), 5831–5847. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-019-02683-5.
Brdar, M., Šćiban, M., Takači, A., & Došenović, T. (2012). Comparison of two and three parameters adsorption isotherm for Cr(VI) onto Kraft lignin. Chemical Engineering Journal, 183, 108–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2011.12.036.
Brijwani, K., Oberoi, H. S., & Vadlani, P. V. (2010). Production of a cellulolytic enzyme system in mixed-culture solid-state fermentation of soybean hulls supplemented with wheat bran. Process Biochemistry, 45(1), 120–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2009.08.015.
Brion-Roby, R., Gagnon, J., Deschênes, J. S., & Chabot, B. (2018). Investigation of fixed bed adsorption column operation parameters using a chitosan material for treatment of arsenate contaminated water. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 6(1), 505–511. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2017.12.032.
Camiscia, P., Giordano, E. D. V., Brassesco, M. E., Fuciños, P., Pastrana, L., Cerqueira, M. F., et al. (2018). Comparison of soybean hull pre-treatments to obtain cellulose and chemical derivatives: Physical chemistry characterization. Carbohydrate Polymers, 198, 601–610. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.06.125.
Chiong, T., Lau, S. Y., Lek, Z. H., Koh, B. Y., & Danquah, M. K. (2016). Enzymatic treatment of methyl orange dye in synthetic wastewater by plant-based peroxidase enzymes. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 4(2), 2500–2509. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2016.04.030.
Chowdhury, S., Mishra, R., Saha, P., & Kushwaha, P. (2011). Adsorption thermodynamics, kinetics and isosteric heat of adsorption of malachite green onto chemically modified rice husk. Desalination, 265(1–3), 159–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2010.07.047.
Chowdhury, Z. Z., Abd Hamid, S. B., & Zain, S. M. (2015). Evaluating design parameters for breakthrough curve analysis and kinetics of fixed bed columns for Cu(II) cations using lignocellulosic wastes. BioResources, 10(1), 732–749.
Çiçek, F., Özer, D., Özer, A. A., & Özer, A. A. (2007). Low cost removal of reactive dyes using wheat bran. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 146(1–2), 408–416. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.12.037.
Cruz-Olivares, J., Pérez-Alonso, C., Barrera-Díaz, C., Ureña-Nuñez, F., Chaparro-Mercado, M. C., & Bilyeu, B. (2013). Modeling of lead (II) biosorption by residue of allspice in a fixed-bed column. Chemical Engineering Journal, 228, 21–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2013.04.101.
Darwesh, O. M., Matter, I. A., & Eida, M. F. (2019). Development of peroxidase enzyme immobilized magnetic nanoparticles for bioremediation of textile wastewater dye. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 7(1), 102805. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2018.11.049.
Das, A. B., Goud, V. V., & Das, C. (2018). Adsorption/desorption, diffusion, and thermodynamic properties of anthocyanin from purple rice bran extract on various adsorbents. Journal of Food Process Engineering, 41(6), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpe.12834.
De Jesus da Silveira Neta, J., Costa Moreira, G., da Silva, C. J., Reis, C., & Reis, E. L. (2011). Use of polyurethane foams for the removal of the Direct Red 80 and Reactive Blue 21 dyes in aqueous medium. Desalination, 281(1), 55–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2011.07.041.
Dega-Szafran, Z., Grundwald-Wyspiańska, M., & Szafran, M. (1991). Investigation of B ⋯ HA ⇌ B+H ⋯ A− equilibrium in complexes of trifluoroacetic acid with pyridines in dichloromethane by second derivative infrared spectroscopy. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular Spectroscopy, 47(5), 543–550. https://doi.org/10.1016/0584-8539(91)80070-Y.
Demirbas, E., & Nas, M. Z. (2009). Batch kinetic and equilibrium studies of adsorption of Reactive Blue 21 by fly ash and sepiolite. Desalination, 243(1–3), 8–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.DESAL.2008.04.011.
Fiol, N., & Villaescusa, I. (2009). Determination of sorbent point zero charge: Usefulness in sorption studies. Environmental Chemistry Letters, 7(1), 79–84. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-008-0139-0.
Fomina, M., & Gadd, G. M. (2014). Biosorption: Current perspectives on concept, definition and application. Bioresource Technology, 160, 3–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2013.12.102.
Foo, K. Y., & Hameed, B. H. (2010). Insights into the modeling of adsorption isotherm systems. Chemical Engineering Journal, 156(1), 2–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2009.09.013.
Foroughi-dahr, M., Esmaieli, M., Abolghasemi, H., Shojamoradi, A., & Sadeghi Pouya, E. (2016). Continuous adsorption study of Congo red using tea waste in a fixed-bed column. Desalination and Water Treatment, 57(18), 8437–8446. https://doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2015.1021849.
Golie, W. M., & Upadhyayula, S. (2016). Continuous fixed-bed column study for the removal of nitrate from water using chitosan/alumina composite. Journal of Water Process Engineering, 12, 58–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2016.06.007.
Hameed, B. H., Ahmad, A. A., & Aziz, N. (2007). Isotherms, kinetics and thermodynamics of acid dye adsorption on activated palm ash. Chemical Engineering Journal, 133(1–3), 195–203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2007.01.032.
Hassan, M. M., & Carr, C. M. (2018). A critical review on recent advancements of the removal of reactive dyes from dyehouse effluent by ion-exchange adsorbents. Chemosphere, 209, 201–219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.06.043.
Honorio, J. F., Veit, M. T., Da Cunha Gonçalves, G., De Campos, É. A., & Fagundes-Klen, M. R. (2016). Adsorption of reactive blue BF-5G dye by soybean hulls: Kinetics, equilibrium and influencing factors. Water Science and Technology, 73(5), 1166–1174. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.589.
Jain, M., Garg, V. K., & Kadirvelu, K. (2013). Cadmium(II) sorption and desorption in a fixed bed column using sunflower waste carbon calcium-alginate beads. Bioresource Technology, 129, 242–248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2012.11.036.
Jang, H. M., Yoo, S., Choi, Y. K., Park, S., & Kan, E. (2018). Adsorption isotherm, kinetic modeling and mechanism of tetracycline on Pinus taeda-derived activated biochar. Bioresource Technology, 259(January), 24–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2018.03.013.
Juchen, P. T., Piffer, H. H., Veit, M. T., Da Cunha Gonçalves, G., Palácio, S. M., & Zanette, J. C. (2018). Biosorption of reactive blue BF-5G dye by malt bagasse: Kinetic and equilibrium studies. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 6(6), 7111–7118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2018.11.009.
Karthikeyan, S., Sivakumar, B., & Sivakumar, N. (2010). Film and pore diffusion modeling for adsorption of reactive red 2 from aqueous solution on to activated carbon prepared from bio-diesel industrial waste. E-Journal of Chemistry, 7(Suppl. 1), 175–185. https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/138684.
Kosaiyakanon, C., & Kungsanant, S. (2020). Adsorption of reactive dyes from wastewater using cationic surfactant-modified coffee husk biochar. Environment and Natural Resources Journal, 18(1), 21–32. https://doi.org/10.32526/ennrj.18.1.2020.03.
Lewis, D. M. (2011). Handbook of textile and industrial dyeing: principles, processes and types of dyes. Chapter 9. The chemistry of reactive dyes and their application processes (Vol. 1, pp. 303–364). Woodhead Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1533/9780857093974.2.301.
Li, J., Chen, E., & SU, H., & Tan, T. (2011). Biosorption of Pb2+ with modified soybean hulls as absorbent. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 19(2), 334–339. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1004-9541(11)60173-0.
López-Cervantes, J., Sánchez-Machado, D. I., Sánchez-Duarte, R. G., & Correa-Murrieta, M. A. (2018). Study of a fixed-bed column in the adsorption of an azo dye from an aqueous medium using a chitosan–glutaraldehyde biosorbent. Adsorption Science and Technology, 36(1–2), 215–232. https://doi.org/10.1177/0263617416688021.
Ma, X., Liu, C., Anderson, D. P., & Chang, P. R. (2016). Porous cellulose spheres: Preparation, modification and adsorption properties. Chemosphere, 165, 399–408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.09.033.
Mahmoud, M. E., Nabil, G. M., El-Mallah, N. M., Bassiouny, H. I., Kumar, S., & Abdel-Fattah, T. M. (2016). Kinetics, isotherm, and thermodynamic studies of the adsorption of reactive red 195 A dye from water by modified switchgrass biochar adsorbent. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 37, 156–167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2016.03.020.
McEldoon, J. P., Pokora, A. R., & Dordick, J. S. (1995). Lignin peroxidase-type activity of soybean peroxidase. Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 17(4), 359–365. https://doi.org/10.1016/0141-0229(94)00060-3.
Mesu, J. G., Visser, T., Soulimani, F., & Weckhuysen, B. M. (2005). Infrared and Raman spectroscopic study of pH-induced structural changes of L-histidine in aqueous environment. Vibrational Spectroscopy, 39(1), 114–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vibspec.2005.01.003.
Mittal, A., Mittal, J., & Kurup, L. (2006). Adsorption isotherms, kinetics and column operations for the removal of hazardous dye, tartrazine from aqueous solutions using waste materials—Bottom Ash and De-Oiled Soya, as adsorbents. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 136(3), 567–578. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.12.037.
Módenes, A. N., Hinterholz, C. L., Neves, C. V., Sanderson, K., Trigueros, D. E. G., Espinoza-Quiñones, F. R., et al. (2019). A new alternative to use soybean hulls on the adsorptive removal of aqueous dyestuff. Bioresource Technology Reports, 6(January), 175–182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biteb.2019.03.004.
Mohammed, N., Grishkewich, N., Waeijen, H. A., Berry, R. M., & Tam, K. C. (2016). Continuous flow adsorption of methylene blue by cellulose nanocrystal-alginate hydrogel beads in fixed bed columns. Carbohydrate Polymers, 136, 1194–1202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.09.099.
Munagapati, V. S., Yarramuthi, V., Kim, Y., Lee, K. M., & Kim, D. S. (2018). Removal of anionic dyes (Reactive Black 5 and Congo red) from aqueous solutions using banana peel powder as an adsorbent. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 148, 601–607. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.10.075.
Nascimento, G., Do, E., Duarte, M. M. M. B., Campos, N. F., Da Rocha, O. R. S., & Da Silva, V. L. (2014). Adsorption of azo dyes using peanut hull and orange peel: A comparative study. Environmental Technology (United Kingdom), 35(11), 1436–1453. https://doi.org/10.1080/09593330.2013.870234.
Nazari, G., Abolghasemi, H., Esmaieli, M., & Sadeghi Pouya, E. (2016). Aqueous phase adsorption of cephalexin by walnut shell-based activated carbon: A fixed-bed column study. Applied Surface Science, 375, 144–153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.03.096.
Patel, H. (2019). Fixed-bed column adsorption study: A comprehensive review. Applied Water Science, 9(3), 3. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-019-0927-7.
Patel, H., & Vashi, R. T. (2012). Fixed bed column adsorption of Acid Yellow 17 dye onto tamarind seed powder. Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 90(1), 180–185. https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.20518.
Pérez-Calderón, J., Santos, M. V., & Zaritzky, N. (2018). Reactive RED 195 dye removal using chitosan coacervated particles as bio-sorbent: Analysis of kinetics, equilibrium and adsorption mechanisms. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 6(5), 6749–6760. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2018.10.039.
Piccin, J. S., Vieira, M. L. G., Gonçalves, J. O., Dotto, G. L., & Pinto, L. A. A. (2009). Adsorption of FD&C Red No. 40 by chitosan: Isotherms analysis. Journal of Food Engineering, 95(1), 16–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2009.03.017.
Rangabhashiyam, S., Anu, N., Giri Nandagopal, M. S., Selvaraju, N., Nandagopal, M. S. G., Selvaraju, N., et al. (2014). Relevance of isotherm models in biosorption of pollutants by agricultural byproducts. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2(1), 398–414. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2014.01.014.
Rout, P. R., Dash, R. R., & Bhunia, P. (2014). Modelling and packed bed column studies on adsorptive removal of phosphate from aqueous solutions by a mixture of ground burnt patties and red soil. Advances in Environmental Research, 3(3), 231–251. https://doi.org/10.12989/aer.2014.3.3.231.
Saadi, R., Saadi, Z., Fazaeli, R., & Fard, N. E. (2015). Monolayer and multilayer adsorption isotherm models for sorption from aqueous media. Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, 32(5), 787–799. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-015-0053-7.
Sarkar, K. K., Majee, S., Pathak, U., Polepali, S., Halder, G., Mandal, D. D., & Mandal, T. (2019). Development of an integrated treatment strategy for removal of ondansetron using simultaneous adsorption, oxidation and bioremediation technique. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2019.103020.
Setiabudi, H. D., Jusoh, R., Suhaimi, S. F. R. M., & Masrur, S. F. (2016). Adsorption of methylene blue onto oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) leaves: Process optimization, isotherm, kinetics and thermodynamic studies. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 63, 363–370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtice.2016.03.035.
Silva, M. C., Corrêa, A. D., Amorim, M. T. S. P., Parpot, P., Torres, J. A., & Chagas, P. M. B. (2012). Decolorization of the phthalocyanine dye Reactive Blue 21 by turnip peroxidase and assessment of its oxidation products. Journal of Molecular Catalysis B: Enzymatic, 77, 9–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcatb.2011.12.006.
Silva, N. C. G., Souza, M. C. M., Silva, I. J., dos Santos, Z. M., & Rocha, M. V. P. (2015). Removal of reactive turquoise blue dye from aqueous solution using a non-conventional natural adsorbent. Separation Science and Technology (Philadelphia), 50(11), 1616–1628. https://doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2014.988829.
Singh, K. K., Singh, A. K., & Hasan, S. H. (2006). Low cost bio-sorbent “wheat bran” for the removal of cadmium from wastewater: Kinetic and equilibrium studies. Bioresource Technology, 97(8), 994–1001. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2005.04.043.
Singh, N. B. B., Nagpal, G., Agrawal, S., & Rachna. (2018). Water purification by using adsorbents: A review. Environmental Technology and Innovation, 11, 187–240. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2018.05.006.
Spadaro, J. T., & Renganathan, V. (1994). Peroxidase-catalyzed oxidation of azo dyes: Mechanism of disperse yellow 3 degradation. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 312(1), 301–307. https://doi.org/10.1006/abbi.1994.1313.
Sreelatha, G., Ageetha, V., Parmar, J., & Padmaja, P. (2011). Equilibrium and kinetic studies on reactive dye adsorption using palm shell powder (an agrowaste) and chitosan. Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, 56(1), 35–42. https://doi.org/10.1021/je1007263.
Tan, K. L., & Hameed, B. H. (2017). Insight into the adsorption kinetics models for the removal of contaminants from aqueous solutions. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 74, 25–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtice.2017.01.024.
Thomas, H. C. (1944). Heterogeneous ion exchange in a flowing system. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 66(10), 1664–1666. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01238a017.
Tran, H. N., You, S. J., & Chao, H. P. (2016). Thermodynamic parameters of cadmium adsorption onto orange peel calculated from various methods: A comparison study. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 4(3), 2671–2682. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2016.05.009.
Tran, H. N., You, S. J., Hosseini-Bandegharaei, A., & Chao, H. P. (2017). Mistakes and inconsistencies regarding adsorption of contaminants from aqueous solutions: A critical review. Water Research, 120, 88–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2017.04.014.
Uçar, D. (2014). Adsorption of Remazol black RL and reactive yellow 145 from aqueous solutions by pine needles. Iranian Journal of Science and Technology - Transactions of Civil Engineering, 38(C1), 147–155.
USDA Foreign Agricultural Service (2020) Oilseeds: world markets and trade. Retrieved November 9, 2020, from https://www.fas.usda.gov/commodities/soybeans.
Vijayaraghavan, K., & Yun, Y. S. (2008). Polysulfone-immobilized Corynebacterium glutamicum: A biosorbent for Reactive black 5 from aqueous solution in an up-flow packed column. Chemical Engineering Journal, 145(1), 44–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2008.03.001.
Wakkel, M., Khiari, B., & Zagrouba, F. (2019). Textile wastewater treatment by agro-industrial waste: Equilibrium modelling, thermodynamics and mass transfer mechanisms of cationic dyes adsorption onto low-cost lignocellulosic adsorbent. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 96, 439–452. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtice.2018.12.014.
Wierzejewska-Hnat, M., Mielke, Z., & Ratajczak, H. (1980). Infrared studies of complexes between carboxylic acids and tertiary amines in argon matrices. Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions 2: Molecular and Chemical Physics, 76, 834–843. https://doi.org/10.1039/F29807600834.
Woitovich Valetti, N., & Picó, G. (2016). Adsorption isotherms, kinetics and thermodynamic studies towards understanding the interaction between cross-linked alginate-guar gum matrix and chymotrypsin. Journal of Chromatography, B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences, 1012–1013, 204–210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.01.027.
Wu, F. C., Tseng, R. L., & Juang, R. S. (2009). Characteristics of Elovich equation used for the analysis of adsorption kinetics in dye-chitosan systems. Chemical Engineering Journal, 150(2–3), 366–373. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2009.01.014.
Yan, G., Viraraghavan, T., & Chen, M. (2001). A new model for heavy metal removal in a biosorption column. Adsorption Science and Technology, 19(1), 25–43. https://doi.org/10.1260/0263617011493953.
Yaseen, D. A., & Scholz, M. (2019). Textile dye wastewater characteristics and constituents of synthetic effluents: A critical review. International journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 16(2), 1193–1226. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-018-2130-z.
Zaidi, N. A. H. M., Lim, L. B. L., & Usman, A. (2019). Enhancing adsorption of malachite green dye using base-modified Artocarpus odoratissimus leaves as adsorbents. Environmental Technology and Innovation, 13, 211–223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2018.12.002.
Zhao, B., Shang, Y., Xiao, W., Dou, C., & Han, R. (2014). Adsorption of Congo red from solution using cationic surfactant modified wheat straw in column model. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2(1), 40–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2013.11.025.
Zhao, G. H., Fang, Y. Y., Dai, W., & Ma, N. (2018). Highly enhanced adsorption of Congo red by functionalized finger-citron-leaf-based porous carbon. Water Science and Technology, 77(1), 220–228. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2017.540.
Acknowledgements
The authors thank Lic. Federico R. Widelec and ALCONIC S.R.L. for kindly supplying the textile dyes.
Code Availability
Not applicable.
Funding
This work was supported by grants from FonCyT, Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Productiva de Argentina PICT 2015-0083 and Agencia Santafesina De Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación IO-2018-00135.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
Authors whose names appear on the submission have contributed sufficiently to the scientific work and therefore share collective responsibility and accountability for the results. EDVG and GAP designed and conducted the experiments, collected and analyzed the data, prepared the manuscript and provided operating funding through a grant; MEB and NWV assisted with the experiment design, data analysis and critiqued the manuscript. PC assisted with the revision and editing the English revision. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate
This work does not involve animals or human participants. Consent to participate is not applicable.
Consent for Publication
Not applicable
Competing Interests
The authors declare no competing interests.
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Giordano, E.D.V., Brassesco, M.E., Camiscia, P. et al. A New Alternative and Efficient Low-Cost Process for the Removal of Reactive Dyes in Textile Wastewater by Using Soybean Hull as Adsorbent. Water Air Soil Pollut 232, 165 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-021-05085-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-021-05085-4