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Seasonal variations in water flux compositions controlled by leaf development: isotopic insights at the canopy–atmosphere interface

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Abstract

Water-stable isotopes provide a valuable tool for tracing plant-water interactions, particularly evapotranspiration (ET) partitioning and leaf water dynamics at the plant-atmosphere interface. However, process-based investigations of plant/leaf development and the associated isotopic dynamics of water fluxes involving isotope enrichment at plant-atmosphere interfaces at the ecosystem scale remain challenging. In this study, in situ isotopic measurements and tracer-aided models were used to study the dynamic interactions between vegetation growth and the isotopic dynamics of water fluxes (ET, soil evaporation, and transpiration) involving isotope enrichment in canopy leaves in a multispecies grassland ecosystem. The day-to-day variations in the isotopic compositions of ET flux were mainly controlled by plant growth, which could be explained by the significant logarithmic relationship determined between the leaf area index and transpiration fraction. Leaf development promoted a significant increase in the isotopic composition of ET and led to a slight decrease in the isotopic composition of water in canopy leaves. The transpiration (evaporation) isoflux acted to increase (decrease) the δ18O of water vapor, and the total isoflux impacts depended on the seasonal tradeoffs between transpiration and evaporation. The isotopic evidence in ET fluxes demonstrates the biotic controls on day-to-day variations in water/energy flux partitioning through transpiration activity. This study emphasizes that stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen are effective tools for quantitative evaluations of the hydrological component partitioning of ecosystems and plant-climate interactions.

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Funding

The study was financially supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA20100102) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42071034 and 41730854). P. W acknowledges support from the special research project of the Center for Research in Isotopes and Environmental Dynamics (CRiED), University of Tsukuba. X. S acknowledges support from the General Research Scheme of the National Science Foundation of China (31770435). All the data used in the current research are available in the supporting information.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China

    Pei Wang, Haitao Sun, Xiao-Yan Li, Xiaofan Yang, Xiuchen Wu, Xia Hu, Hongyun Yao, Jingjing Ma & Juanjuan Ma

  2. College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nanshan Avenue, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China

    Xin Song

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  1. Pei Wang
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  2. Haitao Sun
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Contributions

P. W designed the research. P. W and H. Sun performed the modeling simulations and sensitivity analysis. P. W, X-Y. Li, X. Song, X. Yang, X. Wu, X. Hu, J. J Ma, and J. J Ma contributed to the interpretation and writing. P. W contributed to the field investigation. P. W performed the isotopic measurements and analysis. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Pei Wang.

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Highlights

• Leaf development controlled the isotopic seasonal variations in water fluxes by regulating flux composition

• Leaf development slightly decreased the isotopic enrichment of canopy leaves

• Transpiration/evaporation acted to increase/decrease the δ18O of water vapor, which actually affected by the seasonal trade-off between them

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Wang, P., Sun, H., Li, XY. et al. Seasonal variations in water flux compositions controlled by leaf development: isotopic insights at the canopy–atmosphere interface. Int J Biometeorol 65, 1719–1732 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-021-02126-9

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