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Impact of Youth Transdiagnostic Treatment on Parents’ Own Emotional Responding and Socialization Behaviors

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Abstract

According to emotion socialization theory, parent characteristics interact with child and contextual factors to influence parent responding to youth emotions, which impacts youth emotional reactivity and regulation. However, little is known about how treatments for youth emotional disorders, particularly those with significant parent intervention components, may impact parents’ own emotional reactivity and their responses to youth emotion. We investigated whether parents (N = 91) participating in a transdiagnostic treatment for youth emotional disorders experienced change in their own emotional reactivity (i.e., symptoms, distress tolerance [DT], emotion regulation), supportive responses to youth emotion (e.g., expressive encouragement), and unsupportive responses to youth emotion (e.g., punitive, minimizing). We also examined the relationship of these changes to treatment-related change in youth symptoms. Parent anxiety, depression, stress, DT, and cognitive reappraisal significantly improved from pre- to post-treatment. Unsupportive responses to youth emotions also decreased. Change in parent DT and baseline youth symptoms were the only significant predictors of parent-rated post-treatment youth anxiety and depressive symptoms when all variables were included in regression models. This is the first known investigation of changes in parent emotional reactivity and responses to youth emotions in response to a transdiagnostic treatment of emotional disorders for youth. Results support the beneficial impact of treatment involvement on parents’ own emotional reactivity and behaviors, as well as the potential importance of targeting parent DT to improve youth symptoms.

Highlights

  • Youth-focused transdiagnostic treatment led to significant improvements in parent psychopathology and distress tolerance.

  • Youth-focused transdiagnostic treatment led to significant decreases in unsupportive parent responses to youth negative emotions.

  • Improvement in parent distress tolerance was significantly associated with youth treatment outcomes.

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Author Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by N.T., E.H., S.K., J.S., and J.E.M. The first draft of the paper was written by S.K., N.T., E.H., and J.S. and all authors commented on previous versions of the paper. All authors read and approved the final paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, University of Miami, 5665 Ponce de Leon Blvd., Flipse Building, Room 345, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA

    Niza A. Tonarely

  2. Department of Psychiatry, Children’s Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA

    Sarah Kennedy

  3. Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA

    Elizabeth Halliday & Jill Ehrenreich-May

  4. Department of Pediatrics, Mailman Center for Child Development, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA

    Jamie A. Sherman

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  1. Niza A. Tonarely
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Correspondence to Niza A. Tonarely.

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Dr. Ehrenreich-May is the first author of the therapist guide and workbooks for the Unified Protocols for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders in Children and Adolescents (UP-C and UP-A) and receives royalties from these publications. Dr. Kennedy is also an author on these manuals and both Drs. Ehrenreich-May and Kennedy receive payments for UP-C and UP-A clinical trainings, consultation and implementation support services. All other authors have no conflicts of interests to report.

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Tonarely, N.A., Kennedy, S., Halliday, E. et al. Impact of Youth Transdiagnostic Treatment on Parents’ Own Emotional Responding and Socialization Behaviors. J Child Fam Stud 30, 1141–1155 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-021-01946-y

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