Skip to main content
Log in

Feedback-seeking from team members increases employee creativity: the roles of thriving at work and mindfulness

  • Published:
Asia Pacific Journal of Management Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The feedback-seeking literature suggests that acquiring different perspectives from others, individuals would be able to improve their creative performance. However, our understanding of the effect of feedback-seeking is notably underdeveloped since primary research focused mainly on feedback from leaders. Grounded in self-determination theory, the current study proposes a theoretical model for how feedback-seeking from team members is beneficial and can supplement feedback from leaders, and thus can improve employee creativity. Also, we propose that individual traits may be one reason that seeking feedback does not lead to intended creativity. Accordingly, this study suggests a moderated mediation model to examine the roles of thriving at work and mindfulness between feedback-seeking from team members and employee creativity. Based on three-wave-lagged data collected from 351 employees and their leaders, we found that feedback-seeking from team members could promote employee creativity via thriving at work, and the indirect effect of thriving at work was stronger for employees with a higher level of mindfulness.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Aiken, L. S., West, S. G., & Reno, R. R. 1991. Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Allen, T. D., & Kiburz, K. M. 2012. Trait mindfulness and work–family balance among working parents: The mediating effects of vitality and sleep quality. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(2): 372–379.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, J. C., & Gerbing, D. W. 1988. Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach. Psychological Bulletin, 103(3): 411–423.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anseel, F., Beatty, A. S., Shen, W., Lievens, F., & Sackett, P. R. 2015. How are we doing after 30 years? A meta-analytic review of the antecedents and outcomes of feedback-seeking behavior. Journal of Management, 41(1): 318–348.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ashford, S. J. 1986. Feedback-seeking in individual adaptation: A resource perspective. Academy of Management Journal, 29(3): 465–487.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ashford, S. J., & Black, J. S. 1996. Proactivity during organizational entry: The role of desire for control. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81(2): 199.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ashford, S. J., & Cummings, L. L. 1983. Feedback as an individual resource: Personal strategies of creating information. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 32(3): 370–398.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ashford, S. J., & Tsui, A. S. 1991. Self-regulation for managerial effectiveness: The role of active feedback seeking. Academy of Management Journal, 34(2): 251–280.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ashford, S. J., Blatt, R., & VandeWalle, D. 2003. Reflections on the looking glass: A review of research on feedback-seeking behavior in organizations. Journal of Management, 29(6): 773–799.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ashford, S. J., De Stobbeleir, K., & Nujella, M. 2016. To seek or not to seek: Is that the only question? Recent developments in feedback-seeking literature. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 3: 213–239.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ashford, S. J., Wellman, N., Sully de Luque, M., De Stobbeleir, K. E., & Wollan, M. 2018. Two roads to effectiveness: CEO feedback seeking, vision articulation, and firm performance. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 39(1): 82–95.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Auh, S., Menguc, B., Imer, P., & Uslu, A. 2019. Frontline employee feedback-seeking behavior: How is it formed and when does it matter? Journal of Service Research, 22(1): 44–59.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baard, P. P., Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. 2004. Intrinsic need satisfaction: A motivational basis of performance and weil‐being in two work settings. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 34(10): 2045–2068.

  • Baer, M., & Oldham, G. R. 2006. The curvilinear relation between experienced creative time pressure and creativity: Moderating effects of openness to experience and support for creativity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91(4): 963.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baer, R. A., Smith, G. T., Hopkins, J., Krietemeyer, J., & Toney, L. 2006. Using self-report assessment methods to explore facets of mindfulness. Assessment, 13(1): 27–45.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. 1986. The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6): 1173.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baumeister, R. F., & Leary, M. R. 1995. The need to belong: Desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 117(3): 497.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brislin, R. W. 1970. Back-translation for cross-cultural research. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 1(3): 185–216.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, K. W., & Ryan, R. M. 2003. The benefits of being present: Mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(4): 822.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, K. W., Ryan, R. M., & Creswell, J. D. 2007. Mindfulness: Theoretical foundations and evidence for its salutary effects. Psychological Inquiry, 18(4): 211–237.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, K. W., West, A. M., Loverich, T. M., & Biegel, G. M. 2011. Assessing adolescent mindfulness: Validation of an adapted mindful attention awareness scale in adolescent normative and psychiatric populations. Psychological Assessment, 23(4): 1023.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, K. W., Goodman, R. J., Ryan, R. M., & Anālayo, B. 2016. Mindfulness enhances episodic memory performance: Evidence from a multimethod investigation. PLoS ONE, 11(4): e0153309.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carmeli, A., & Spreitzer, G. M. 2009. Trust, connectivity, and thriving: Implications for innovative behaviors at work. The Journal of Creative Behavior, 43(3): 169–191.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carmody, J., Reed, G., Kristeller, J., & Merriam, P. 2008. Mindfulness, spirituality, and health-related symptoms. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 64(4): 393–403.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carver, C. S. 1998. Resilience and thriving: Issues, models, and linkages. Journal of Social Issues, 54(2): 245–266.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chae, H., Park, J., & Choi, J. N. 2019. Two facets of conscientiousness and the knowledge sharing dilemmas in the workplace: Contrasting moderating functions of supervisor support and coworker support. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 40(4): 387–399.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chang, J.-H., Huang, C.-L., & Lin, Y.-C. 2015. Mindfulness, basic psychological needs fulfillment, and well-being. Journal of Happiness Studies, 16(5): 1149–1162.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, Z., Lam, W., & Zhong, J. A. 2007. Leader-member exchange and member performance: A new look at individual-level negative feedback-seeking behavior and team-level empowerment climate. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(1): 202.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chun, J. U., Lee, D., & Sosik, J. J. 2018. Leader negative feedback-seeking and leader effectiveness in leader-subordinate relationships: The paradoxical role of subordinate expertise. The Leadership Quarterly, 29(4): 501–512.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Crommelinck, M., & Anseel, F. 2013. Understanding and encouraging feedback-seeking behaviour: A literature review. Medical Education, 47(3): 232–241.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De Stobbeleir, K. E., Ashford, S. J., & Buyens, D. 2011. Self-regulation of creativity at work: The role of feedback-seeking behavior in creative performance. Academy of Management Journal, 54(4): 811–831.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De Stobbeleir, K., Ashford, S., & Zhang, C. 2020. Shifting focus: Antecedents and outcomes of proactive feedback seeking from peers. Human Relations, 73(3): 303–325.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Deci, E. L. 1975. Intrinsic motivation. New York. Plenum Press, 10: 978–971.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Deci, E., & Ryan, R. 1985. Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior. New York: Plenum.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. 2000. The “what” and “why” of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4): 227–268.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. 2012. Motivation, personality, and development within embedded social contexts: An overview of self-determination theory. In R. M. Ryan (Ed.) The Oxford handbook of human motivation.: 85–107. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Dokko, G., Kane, A. A., & Tortoriello, M. 2014. One of us or one of my friends: How social identity and tie strength shape the creative generativity of boundary-spanning ties. Organization Studies, 35(5): 703–726.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Donald, J. N., Bradshaw, E. L., Ryan, R. M., Basarkod, G., Ciarrochi, J., Duineveld, J. J., Guo, J., & Sahdra, B. K. 2020. Mindfulness and its association with varied types of motivation: A systematic review and meta-analysis using self-determination theory. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 46(7): 1121–1138.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eisenbeiss, S. A., & Van Knippenberg, D. 2015. On ethical leadership impact: The role of follower mindfulness and moral emotions. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 36(2): 182–195.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Farr, J., Schwartz, A., Quinn, J., & Bittner, K. 1989. Consequences of feedback seeking on supervisory performance ratings and attributions. 4th annual conference, Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Boston.

  • Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. 1981. Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research: 18 39–50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gagné, M., & Deci, E. L. 2005. Self-determination theory and work motivation. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26(4): 331–362.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Glomb, T. M., Duffy, M. K., Bono, J. E., & Yang, T. 2011. Mindfulness at work. In: Joshi. A., Liao, H. and Martocchio, J.J. (Eds.). Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management: 115-157. Bingley: Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

  • Hülsheger, U. R., Alberts, H. J., Feinholdt, A., & Lang, J. W. 2013. Benefits of mindfulness at work: the role of mindfulness in emotion regulation, emotional exhaustion, and job satisfaction. Journal of Applied Psychology, 98(2): 310–331.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kabat‐Zinn, J. 2003. Mindfulness‐based interventions in context: Past, present, and future. Clinical psychology: Science and practice, 10(2): 144–156.

  • Kim, Y. J., & Kim, J. 2020. Does negative feedback benefit (or harm) recipient creativity? The role of the direction of feedback flow. Academy of Management Journal, 63(2): 584–612.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kira, M., & Balkin, D. B. 2014. Interactions between work and identities: Thriving, withering, or redefining the self? Human Resource Management Review, 24(2): 131–143.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Klatt, M., Norre, C., Reader, B., Yodice, L., & White, S. 2017. Mindfulness in motion: A mindfulness-based intervention to reduce stress and enhance quality of sleep in Scandinavian employees. Mindfulness, 8(2): 481–488.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Klein, K. J., & Kozlowski, S. W. 2000. From micro to meso: Critical steps in conceptualizing and conducting multilevel research. Organizational Research Methods, 3(3): 211–236.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kluger, A. N., & DeNisi, A. 1996. The effects of feedback interventions on performance: A historical review, a meta-analysis, and a preliminary feedback intervention theory. Psychological Bulletin, 119(2): 254–279.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lam, W., Huang, X., & Snape, E. 2007. Feedback-seeking behavior and leader-member exchange: Do supervisor-attributed motives matter? Academy of Management Journal, 50(2): 348–363.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • LeBreton, J. M., & Senter, J. L. 2008. Answers to 20 questions about interrater reliability and interrater agreement. Organizational Research Methods, 11(4): 815–852.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lebuda, I., Zabelina, D. L., & Karwowski, M. 2016. Mind full of ideas: A meta-analysis of the mindfulness–creativity link. Personality and Individual Differences, 93: 22–26.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leroy, H., Anseel, F., Dimitrova, N. G., & Sels, L. 2013. Mindfulness, authentic functioning, and work engagement: A growth modeling approach. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 82(3): 238–247.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li, Q., Maggitti, P. G., Smith, K. G., Tesluk, P. E., & Katila, R. 2013. Top management attention to innovation: The role of search selection and intensity in new product introductions. Academy of Management Journal, 56(3): 893–916.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liao, H., Liu, D., & Loi, R. 2010. Looking at both sides of the social exchange coin: A social cognitive perspective on the joint effects of relationship quality and differentiation on creativity. Academy of Management Journal, 53(5): 1090–1109.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu, J., & Bern-Klug, M. 2013. Nursing home social services directors who report thriving at work. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 56(2): 127–145.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu, D., Chen, X.-P., & Yao, X. 2011. From autonomy to creativity: A multilevel investigation of the mediating role of harmonious passion. Journal of Applied Psychology, 96(2): 294.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Luffarelli, J., Gonçalves, D., & Stamatogiannakis, A. 2016. When feedback interventions backfire: Why higher performance feedback may result in lower self-perceived competence and satisfaction with performance. Human Resource Management, 55(4): 591–614.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Madjar, N. 2005. The contributions of different groups of individuals to employees’ creativity. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 7(2): 182–206.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mesmer-Magnus, J. R., & DeChurch, L. A. 2009. Information sharing and team performance: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94(2): 535–557.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morrison, E. W., & Bies, R. J. 1991. Impression management in the feedback-seeking process: A literaturereview and research agenda. Academy of Management Review, 16(3): 522–541.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nix, G. A., Ryan, R. M., Manly, J. B., & Deci, E. L. 1999. Revitalization through self-regulation: The effects of autonomous and controlled motivation on happiness and vitality. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 35(3): 266–284.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pan, W., Sun, L.-Y., & Chow, I. H. S. 2012. Leader-member exchange and employee creativity: Test of a multilevel moderated mediation model. Human Performance, 25(5): 432–451.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peng, H., & Wei, F. 2018. Trickle-down effects of perceived leader integrity on employee creativity: A moderated mediation model. Journal of Business Ethics, 150(3): 837–851.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Perry-Smith, J. E., & Shalley, C. E. 2003. The social side of creativity: A static and dynamic social network perspective. Academy of Management Review, 28(1): 89–106.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Porath, C., Spreitzer, G., Gibson, C., & Garnett, F. G. 2012. Thriving at work: Toward its measurement, construct validation, and theoretical refinement. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 33(2): 250–275.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. 2004. SPSS and SAS procedures for estimating indirect effects in simple mediation models. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 36(4): 717–731.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Quinn, R. W., & Dutton, J. E. 2005. Coordination as energy-in-conversation. Academy of Management Review, 30(1): 36–57.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reis, H. T., Sheldon, K. M., Gable, S. L., Roscoe, J., & Ryan, R. M. 2000. Daily well-being: The role of autonomy, competence, and relatedness. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26(4): 419–435.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Renn, R. W., & Fedor, D. B. 2001. Development and field test of a feedback seeking, self-efficacy, and goal setting model of work performance. Journal of Management, 27(5): 563–583.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rhoades, L., & Eisenberger, R. 2002. Perceived organizational support: A review of the literature. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(4): 698–722.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. 2000. Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55(1): 68–94.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. 2017. Self-determination theory: Basic psychological needs in motivation, development, and wellness: Guilford Publications New York.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Ryan, R. M., & Frederick, C. 1997. On energy, personality, and health: Subjective vitality as a dynamic reflection of well-being. Journal of Personality, 65(3): 529–565.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ryan, R. M., Huta, V., & Deci, E. L. 2008. Living well: A self-determination theory perspective on eudaimonia. Journal of Happiness Studies, 9(1): 139–170.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shalley, C. E., Gilson, L. L., & Blum, T. C. 2009. Interactive effects of growth need strength, work context, and job complexity on self-reported creative performance. Academy of Management Journal, 52(3): 489–505.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sherf, E. N., & Morrison, E. W. 2019. I do not need feedback! Or do I? Self-efficacy, perspective taking, and feedback seeking. Journal of Applied Psychology 105(2): 146–165

  • Siegel, D. J. 2007. Mindfulness training and neural integration: Differentiation of distinct streams of awareness and the cultivation of well-being. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 2(4): 259–263.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sijbom, R. B., Anseel, F., Crommelinck, M., De Beuckelaer, A., & De Stobbeleir, K. E. 2018. Why seeking feedback from diverse sources may not be sufficient for stimulating creativity: The role of performance dynamism and creative time pressure. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 39(3): 355–368.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Simonton, D. K. 2000. Creativity: Cognitive, personal, developmental, and social aspects. American Psychologist, 55(1): 151.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Simonton, D. K. 1984. Generational time-series analysis: A paradigm for studying sociocultural influences. In K. Gergen & M. Gergen (Eds.). Historical social psychology: 141–155. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

  • Singh, S. K., Burgess, T. F., Heap, J., & Al Mehrzi, N. 2016. Competing through employee engagement: A proposed framework. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management.

  • Spreitzer, G. M., & Porath, C. 2014. Self-determination as nutriment for thriving: Building an integrative model of human growth at work. The Oxford Handbook of Work Engagement, Motivation, and Self-Determination Theory, 90: 245–258.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spreitzer, G., Sutcliffe, K., Dutton, J., Sonenshein, S., & Grant, A. M. 2005. A socially embedded model of thriving at work. Organization Science, 16(5): 537–549.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • VandeWalle, D., Ganesan, S., Challagalla, G. N., & Brown, S. P. 2000. An integrated model of feedback-seeking behavior: Disposition, context, and cognition. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85(6): 996.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wallace, J. C., Butts, M. M., Johnson, P. D., Stevens, F. G., & Smith, M. B. 2016. A multilevel model of employee innovation: Understanding the effects of regulatory focus, thriving, and employee involvement climate. Journal of Management, 42(4): 982–1004.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Walumbwa, F. O., Muchiri, M. K., Misati, E., Wu, C., & Meiliani, M. 2018. Inspired to perform: A multilevel investigation of antecedents and consequences of thriving at work. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 39(3): 249–261.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wu, C.-H., Liu, J., Kwan, H. K., & Lee, C. 2016. Why and when workplace ostracism inhibits organizational citizenship behaviors: An organizational identification perspective. Journal of Applied Psychology, 101(3): 362.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou, J., & George, J. M. 2001. When job dissatisfaction leads to creativity: Encouraging the expression of voice. Academy of Management Journal, 44(4): 682–696.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou, J., & Shalley, C. E. 2007. Handbook of organizational creativity. Taylor & Francis.

  • Zhou, J., & Shalley, C. E. 2008. Expanding the scope and impact of organizational creativity research. Handbook of Organizational Creativity, 28(1): 125–147.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

This research was supported by the General Project of Philosophy and Social Science Research in Universities of Jiangsu Province (2020SJA0263) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2017B724X14).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Dongdong Wang.

Additional information

Publisher’s note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Wang, T., Wang, D. & Liu, Z. Feedback-seeking from team members increases employee creativity: the roles of thriving at work and mindfulness. Asia Pac J Manag 39, 1321–1340 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490-021-09768-8

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490-021-09768-8

Keywords

Navigation