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Assessment of NEMO simulated surface current with HF radar along Andhra Pradesh coast

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Abstract

Simulating upper layer of Bay of Bengal through three-dimensional ocean circulation models is a challenging task. In this study, the surface current from the Nucleus European Modelling of Ocean (NEMO) based global ocean assimilation system is assessed against the high frequency (HF) radar data along the Andhra Pradesh coast on a daily scale during southwest monsoon 2016. The temporal variation of NEMO simulated surface current with HF radar data shows that the NEMO model captures the zonal current better than the meridional current. Both NEMO and HF radar show that the mean surface current average over latitude (15.8°–16.3°N) is westward for zonal surface current and southward for meridional current with maximum at 40–60 km away from the coast. Further, the monthly mean HF radar derived surface current indicates the strong south-westward flow of surface current dominated during July 2016 with speed more than 50 cm/s which is also well simulated by NEMO analysis. It also captures the cold core eddy during 15–25 July 2016 with very small north-eastward shift with respect to HF radar. The scatter plot of collocated surface zonal and meridional current average over the box (81.5–82.5°E; 15.5–16.5°N) clearly shows that NEMO analysis has the correlation of more than 0.5 for both zonal and meridional current.

Research highlights

  • The simulation of upper layer of Bay of Bengal (BoB) through three dimensional ocean circulation models is a challenging task. In this study, the surface current from the high resolution NEMO based global ocean assimilation system is compared against the observed High Frequency (HF) radar data along the Andhra Pradesh Coast during the southwest monsoon 2016.

  • NEMO analysis captures the mean and variability of surface current very well with HF radar. However, it underestimates the mean surface current which may be due to coarser model resolution and complex non-linear processes in the coastal region.

  • The strong cold core eddy during 15–25 July 2016 is observed along the coast which is well simulated in NEMO model with small north-eastward shift with respect to HF radar.

  • The scatter plot of collocated surface current from NEMO analysis and HF radar data average over the Andhra Pradesh Coast (APCO; 81.5–82.5°E; 15.5–16.5°N) clearly shows that NEMO analysis has the correlation of more than 0.5 for surface current.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Head, NCMRWF for their constant encouragement; the two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions. Authors would also like to thank the National Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT) and the Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) for HF radar observations data. We also like to thank the NEMOVAR consortium for support. This work was carried out under the MoES-NERC BoBBLE project.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Noida, UP, 201 309, India

    Imranali M Momin & A K Mitra

  2. Department of Geophysics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, India

    R Bhatla

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  1. Imranali M Momin
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Contributions

Imranali M Momin: Methodology, data assessment, and writing original draft. Ashis K Mitra: Helped in writing original draft and editing. R Bhatla: Contributed in writing the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Imranali M Momin.

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Communicated by C Gnanaseelan

This article is part of the topical collection: Advances in Coastal Research

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Momin, I.M., Mitra, A.K. & Bhatla, R. Assessment of NEMO simulated surface current with HF radar along Andhra Pradesh coast. J Earth Syst Sci 130, 69 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-021-01553-x

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