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The Inverse Relationship Between Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilation and Blood Pressure is Lost After Cardiopulmonary Bypass

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Abstract

Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is required for the surgical correction of congenital heart defects and incites an acute inflammatory response that impairs endothelial function post-operatively. Therefore, we hypothesized that the pre-operative relationship between endothelial function and blood pressure would be impaired after CPB-mediated inflammation. Using laser Doppler perfusion monitoring coupled with iontophoresis, we found that while there was a significant inverse correlation between endothelium-dependent vascular reactivity to acetylcholine (ACh) stimulation and systolic blood pressure (SBP), this relationship was lost after CPB. No relationship was observed between endothelium-independent vascular reactivity using sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and SBP either pre-CPB or any point thereafter. Additionally, neither CPB time nor inflammatory cytokines correlated with the degree of responsiveness to ACh. These data suggest that the measurement of endothelium impairment after CPB may be more reflective of cardiovascular health than SBP alone.

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Fig. 1

Abbreviations

CPB:

Cardiopulmonary bypass

LDPMI:

Laser Doppler perfusion monitoring coupled with iontophoresis

ACh:

Acetylcholine

SNP:

Sodium nitroprusside

SBP:

Systolic blood pressure

IL:

Interleukin

Ang:

Angiopoetin

References

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Funding

This study was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (RJS: K08 GM117367 and R35 GM138191, FSL: R01 HL128386)

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatric Critical Care, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2200 Children’s Way, 5121 Doctors’ Office Tower, Nashville, TN, 37232-9075, USA

    Ryan J. Stark & Fred S. Lamb

  2. Department of Pediatric Critical Care, United States Navy, Naval Medical Center Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA, USA

    Luke T. Krispinsky

Authors
  1. Ryan J. Stark
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  2. Luke T. Krispinsky
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  3. Fred S. Lamb
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ryan J. Stark.

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Human Subjects/Informed Consent

All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2000. Written informed consent was obtained from parents or legal guardians of all patients prior to participation in the study, and the study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board at the Vanderbilt University Medical Center.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no competing interests.

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Associate Editor Marat Fudim oversaw the review of this article

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Stark, R.J., Krispinsky, L.T. & Lamb, F.S. The Inverse Relationship Between Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilation and Blood Pressure is Lost After Cardiopulmonary Bypass. J. of Cardiovasc. Trans. Res. 14, 1114–1116 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12265-021-10124-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12265-021-10124-w

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