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Rydberg quantum computation with nuclear spins in two-electron neutral atoms

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Abstract

Alkaline-earth-like (AEL) atoms with two valence electrons and a nonzero nuclear spin can be excited to Rydberg state for quantum computing. Typical AEL ground states possess no hyperfine splitting, but unfortunately a GHz-scale splitting seems necessary for Rydberg excitation. Though strong magnetic fields can induce a GHz-scale splitting, weak fields are desirable to avoid noise in experiments. Here, we provide two solutions to this outstanding challenge with realistic data of well-studied AEL isotopes. In the first theory, the two nuclear spin qubit states ∣0〉 and ∣1〉 are excited to Rydberg states ∣r〉 with detuning Δ and 0, respectively, where a MHz-scale detuning Δ arises from a weak magnetic field on the order of 1 G. With a proper ratio between Δ and Ω, the qubit state ∣1〉 can be fully excited to the Rydberg state while ∣0〉 remains there. In the second theory, we show that by choosing appropriate intermediate states a two-photon Rydberg excitation can proceed with only one nuclear spin qubit state. The second theory is applicable whatever the magnitude of the magnetic field is. These theories bring a versatile means for quantum computation by combining the broad applicability of Rydberg blockade and the incomparable advantages of nuclear-spin quantum memory in two-electron neutral atoms.

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  1. School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an, 710071, China

    Xiao-Feng Shi

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arXiv: 2103.13847. Special Topic: Trapped Atoms and Ions for Quantum Science (Eds. Le Luo, Kenji Toyoda, Kihwan Kim, Jaewook Ahn & Dzmitry Matsukevich). This article can also be found at http://journal.hep.com.cn/fop/EN/10.1007/s11467-021-1069-6.

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Shi, XF. Rydberg quantum computation with nuclear spins in two-electron neutral atoms. Front. Phys. 16, 52501 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11467-021-1069-6

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