Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Screening of Macrofungi Isolates for Aflatoxin B1 and Ochratoxin A Degradation

  • MICROBIOLOGY
  • Published:
Biology Bulletin Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In the present study, ninety-four macro fungi isolates were screened for aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A degradation potential by their culture filtrates. Decreasing toxin amounts were determined by a semi-quantitative HPTLC method. The degradation capacity of the selected ten macrofungi isolates for each toxin was confirmed additionally by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The most successful isolates were determined as Lentinus strigosus OBCC 5004 and Agaricus campestris OBCC 5048 for aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A degradation, respectively. Both of these species were reported as a first time for their mycotoxin degradation. The determined aflatoxin B1 degradation rates of Lentinus strigosus with HPTLC and HPLC were 66.70 and 67.00%, respectively. On the other hand, the ochratoxin A degradation rates of Agaricus campestris were recorded as 63.20 and 56%, for both methods, respectively. Toxicity evaluation of non-degraded and degraded aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A was performed by using the brine shrimp (Artemia salina) lethality assay, where 20.00 and 60.00% detoxification rates were observed for degraded AFB1 and OTA.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.

Similar content being viewed by others

REFERENCES

  1. Aiko, V., Edamana, P., and Mehta, A., Decomposition and detoxification of aflatoxin B1 by lactic acid, J. Sci. Food Agricult., 2016, vol. 96, pp. 1959–1966.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Alberts, J.F., Gelderblom, W.C., Botha, A., and Van Zyl, W.H., Degradation of aflatoxin B1 by fungal laccase enzymes, Int. J. Food Microbiol., 2009, vol. 30, pp. 47–52.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Baek, J.H., So, K.K., Ko, Y.H., Kim, J.M., and Kim, D.H., Mycoflora and enzymatic characterization of fungal isolates in commercial meju, starter for a Korean traditional fermented soybean product, Mycobiology, 2014, vol. 42, no. 3, pp. 291–295.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  4. Bennett, J. W. and Klich, M., Mycotoxins, Am. Soc. Microbiol., 2003, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 497–516.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Chen, W., Chen, L., Zhang, B., Zhou, Z., Shen, Y., Liao, X., Yang, J., Wang, Y., Li, X., Li, Y., and Shen, X. L., Advances in biodetoxification of ochratoxin A—a review of the past five decades, Front. Microbiol., 2018, vol. 9, p. 1386.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  6. Chitrangada, D. and Mishra, H.N., In vitro degradation of aflatoxin B1 by horseradish peroxidase, Food Chem., 2000, vol. 68, pp. 309–313.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Ciegler, A., Lillehoj, E.B., Peterson, R.E., and Hall, H.H., Microbial detoxification of aflatoxin, Appl. Microbiol., 1966, vol. 14, no. 6, p. 934.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  8. Cole, R.J. and Kirksey, J.W., Aflatoxin G1 metabolism by Rhizopus species, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1971, vol. 19, no. 2, p. 222.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Farzaneh, M., Shi, Z., Ghassempour, A., Sedaghat, N., Ahmadzadeh, M., and Mirabolfathy, M., Aflatoxin B1 degradation by Bacillus subtilis UTBSP1 isolated from pistachio nuts of Iran, Food Control, 2012, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 100–106.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Fouler, S.G., Trivedi, A.B., and Kitabatake, N., Detoxification of citrinin and ochratoxin A by hydrogen peroxide, AOAC, 1994, vol. 77, pp. 631–637.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  11. Guan, S., Ji, C., Zhou, T., Li, J., Ma, Q., and Niu, T., Aflatoxin B1 degradation by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and other microbes selected using coumarin medium, Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2008, vol. 9, pp. 1489–1503.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  12. Harwig, J. and Scott, P., Brine shrimp (Artemia salina L.) larvae as a screening system for fungal toxins, Appl. Microbiol., 1971, vol. 21, no. 6, pp. 1011–1016.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  13. Karlovsky, P., Suman, M., Berthiller, F., De Meester, J., Eisenbrand, G., Perrin, I., Oswald, I. P., Speijers, G., Chiodini, A., Recker, T., and Dussort, P., Impact of food processing and detoxification treatments on mycotoxin contamination, Mycotoxin Res., 2016, vol. 32, pp. 179–205.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  14. Lin, L., Zhang, J., Wang, P., Wang, Y., and Chen, J., Thin-layer chromatography of mycotoxins and comparison with other chromatographic methods, J. Chromatogr. A, 1998, vol. 815, no. 1, pp. 3–20.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Liu, D.L., Yao, D.S., Liang, Y.Q., Zhou, T.H., Song, Y.P., Zhao, L., and Ma, L., Production, purification, and characterization of an intracellular aflatoxin-detoxifizyme from Armillaria tabescens (E-20), Food Chem. Toxicol., 2001, vol. 39, no. 5, pp. 461–466.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Loi, M., Fanelli, F., Zucca, P., Liuzzi, V. C., Quintieri, L., Cimmarusti, M.T., Monaci, L., Haidukowski, M., Logrieco, A.F., Sanjust, E., and Mulè, G., Aflatoxin B1 and M1 degradation by Lac2 from Pleurotus pulmonarius and redox mediators, Toxins, 2016, vol. 8, pp. 245–260.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Maeba, H., Takamoto, Y., Kamimura, M.I., and Miura, T.O., Destruction and detoxification of aflatoxins with ozone, J. Food Sci., 1988, vol. 53, pp. 667–668.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Motomura, M., Toyomasu, T., Mizuno, K., Shinozawa, K., Purification and characterization of an aflatoxin degradation enzyme from Pleurotus ostreatus, Microbiol. Res., 2003, vol. 158, pp. 237–242.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Müller, H.M., Entgiftung von Mykotoxinen: II. Chemische Verfahren und Reaktion mit Inhaltsstoffen von futtermitteln, Übersirchten zur Tierernährung, 1983, vol. 11, pp. 47–80.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Park, L.D., Lee, L.S., Price, R.L., and Pohland, A.E., Review of the decontamination of aflatoxins by ammoniation: current status and regulation, J. Assoc. Official Anal. Chem., 1998, vol. 71, pp. 685–703.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Peng, Z., Chen, L., Zhu, Y., Huang, Y., Hu, X., Wu, Q., Nüsslerd, A. K., Liu, L., and Yang, W., Current major degradation methods for aflatoxins: a review, Trends Food Sci. Technol., 2018, vol. 80, pp. 155–166.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Petchkongkaew, A., Taillandier, P., Gasaluck, P., and Lebrihi, A., Isolation of Bacillus spp., from thai fermented soybean (Thua-nao): screening for aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A detoxification, J. Appl. Microbiol., 2008, vol. 104, pp. 1495–1502.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Pointing, S.B., Feasibility of bioremediation by white-rot fungi, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 2001, vol. 57, pp. 20–33.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Sangare, L., Zhao, Y., Folly, Y.M.E., Chang, J., Li, J., and Selvaraj, J.N., Aflatoxin B1 degradation by a Pseudomonas strain, Toxins, 2014, vol. 6, no. 10, pp. 3028–3040.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  25. Schatzmayr, G., Heidler, D., Fuchs, E., Nitsch, S., Mohnl, M., Täubel, M., Loibner, A.P., Braun, R., and Binder, E.M., Investigation of different yeast strains for the detoxification of ochratoxin, in 25th Mykotoxin Workshop in Giessen, Germany, May 19–21, 2003.

  26. Shantha, T., Fungal degradation of aflatoxin B1, Nat. Toxins, 1999, vol. 7, no. 5, pp. 175–178.

  27. Stander, M.A., Bornscheuer, U.T., Henke, E., and Steyn, P.S., Screening of commercial hydrolases for the degradation of ochratoxin A, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2000, vol. 48, pp. 5736–5739.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Taheur, F.B.B., Al Qurashi, Y.M.A., Salah-Abbès, J.B., and Chaieb, K., Review: biotechnology of mycotoxins detoxification using microorganisms and enzymes, Toxicon, 2019, vol. 160, pp. 12–22.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. The European Union Commission (EC) 2006: Commission Regulation (EC) No. 1881/2006 of 19 December 2006 setting maximum levels for certain contaminants in foodstuffs (Text with EEA relevance) (OJ L 364, 20.12.2006, p. 5).

  30. Turner, N. W., Bramhmbhatt, H., Szabo-Vezse, M., Poma, A., Coker, R., and Piletsky, S.A., Analytical methods for determination of mycotoxins: an update (2009–2014), Anal. Chim. Acta, 2015, vol. 901, pp. 12–33.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Vanhoutte, I., Audenaert, K., and De Gelder, L., Biodegradation of mycotoxins: tales from known and unexplored worlds, Front. Microbiol., 2016, vol. 7, no. 561.

  32. Var, I., Kabak, B., and Özkarslı, M., Mikotoksin aranmasında kullanılan analiz yöntemleri, Orlab On-Line Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi, 2004, vol. 02, no. 11 pp. 1–11.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Varga, J., Péter, Z., Tábori, K., Téren, J., and Vágvolgyi, C., Degradation of ochratoxin A and other mycotoxins by Rhizopus isolates, Int. J. Food Microbiol., 2005, vol. 99, pp. 321–328.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Villers, P., Food safety and aflatoxin control, J. Food Res., 2017, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 1–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Wang, J., Ogata, M., Hirai, H., and Kawagishi, H., Detoxification of aflatoxin B1 by manganese peroxidase from the white-rot fungus Phanerochaete sordida YK-624, FEMS Microbiol. Lett., 2011, vol. 314, no. 2, pp. 164–169.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Wang, Y., Wang, L., Liu, F., Wang, Q., Selvaraj, J. N., Xing, F., Zhao, Y., and Liu, Y., Ochratoxin A producing fungi, biosynthetic pathway and regulatory mechanisms, Toxins, 2016, vol. 8, no. 83.

  37. Wu, F., Measuring the economic impacts of Fusarium toxins in animal feed, Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 2007, vol. 137, pp. 363–374.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Wu, Q., Jezkova, A., Yuan, Z., Pavlikova, L., Dohnal, V., and Kuca, K., Biological degradation of aflatoxins, Drug Metab. Rev., 2009, vol. 41, no. 1, pp. 1–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Zhang, W., Xue, B., Li, M., Mu, Y., Chen, Z., and Li, J., Screening a strain of Aspergillus niger and optimization of fermentation conditions for degradation of aflatoxin B1, Toxins, 2014, vol. 6, no. 11, pp. 3157–3172.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  40. Zhang, X., Li, Y., Wang, H., Gu, X., Zheng, X., Wang, Y., Diao, J., Peng, Y., and Zhang, H., Screening and identification of novel ochratoxin A-producing fungi from grapes, Toxins, 2016, vol. 12, pp. 8–11.

    Google Scholar 

  41. Zhao, L.H., Guan, S., Gao, X., Ma, Q.G., Lei, Y.P., Bai, X.M., and Ji, C., Preparation, purification and characteristics of an aflatoxin degradation enzyme from Myxococcus fulvus, J. Appl. Microbiol., 2011, vol. 110, pp. 147–155.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Eskişehir Cumhuriyet Anatolian High School, 26010, Eskişehir, Turkey

    Tuncay Söylemez

  2. Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, 26480, Eskişehir, Turkey

    Mustafa Yamaç

Authors
  1. Tuncay Söylemez
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Mustafa Yamaç
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Tuncay Söylemez.

Ethics declarations

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. This article does not contain any studies involving animals or human participants performed by any of the authors.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Tuncay Söylemez, Mustafa Yamaç Screening of Macrofungi Isolates for Aflatoxin B1 and Ochratoxin A Degradation. Biol Bull Russ Acad Sci 48, 122–129 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1062359021020126

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1062359021020126

Keywords:

Search

Navigation