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Two aspects of psychological functioning in undergraduates with a history of reading difficulties: anxiety and self-efficacy

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Abstract

Reading difficulties have been associated with problems in psychological functioning, including challenges in both anxiety and self-efficacy. This study was designed to determine whether such psychological functioning problems are specific to the academic sphere or more global. First-year undergraduate students with and without a history of reading difficulties (n = 40 and 46, respectively) completed standardized questionnaires on general and academic anxiety, and social and academic self-efficacy. Students with a history of reading difficulties reported higher academic anxiety, but comparable general anxiety, relative to those with no such history. Students with a history of reading difficulties also reported lower academic self-efficacy, but comparable social self-efficacy, relative to those with no such history. These findings suggest that students with a history of reading difficulties, as compared to those without such history, experience academic-specific mental health symptoms involving heightened anxiety and low self-efficacy as they enter university. These results point to the need for focused and targeted assessments to be able to capture difficulties they experience with anxiety and self-efficacy and interventions to help them cope with these difficulties. More broadly, the findings have implications for how universities assess academic vulnerabilities and provide access to specific course accommodations.

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Notes

  1. Due to experimenter error, we were only able to calculate the internal consistency for 74 participants (α = .90).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada

    Mariem M. Elgendi, Sherry H. Stewart, Elizabeth J. MacKay & S. Hélène Deacon

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  1. Mariem M. Elgendi
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  2. Sherry H. Stewart
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  3. Elizabeth J. MacKay
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  4. S. Hélène Deacon
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Correspondence to Mariem M. Elgendi.

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Elgendi, M.M., Stewart, S.H., MacKay, E.J. et al. Two aspects of psychological functioning in undergraduates with a history of reading difficulties: anxiety and self-efficacy. Ann. of Dyslexia 71, 84–102 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11881-021-00223-3

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