Abstract
The current research aims to evaluate the susceptibility of the tomato of the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) cultivars 65,015 (CV1), Basma (CV2), Dalia (CV3), 320 (CV4), and 844 (CV5) to early blight disease caused by Alternaria solani, A. alternata, and Curvularia lunata under greenhouse conditions. All five cultivars were inoculated with the tested pathogenic fungi. The results showed that CV1 was highly resistant to early blight disease whereas CV5 was most susceptible to it. The causal pathogens decreased the total chlorophyll contents of the tomato cultivars and caused the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anions, and lipid peroxidation, having the greatest effect in CV5 followed by CV4 and the least effect in CV1. The pathogenic fungi also significantly stimulated the synthesis of ascorbic acid and reduced the production of glutathione, salicylic acid, soluble phenolic compounds, phenylalanine ammonialyase, and polyphenol oxidase in all the infected tomato cultivars except CV4 or CV5, with CV1 showing the greatest changes. Histopathological studies of the infection phases of A. solani and C. lunata on the highly resistant cultivar CV1 and the susceptible cultivar CV5 under the light microscope demonstrated that the leaves of CV1 were coated with thick epidermal hairs and glandular hairs and had relatively few stomata, whereas those of CV5 had a limited number of hairs and many stomata. Electron microscopy further showed that the fungal mycelia of A. solani and C. lunata easily attacked the open stomata of the hypersensitive cultivar CV5.
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21 April 2021
A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-021-02275-y
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Nashwa M. A. Sallam and Mohamed S. Mohamed suggested the idea of the work and contributed to data curation and their validation as well as writing original draft. Heba-Alla S. AbdElfatah, Mona F. A. Dawood Elhagag Ahmed Hassan and Hadeel M. M. Khalil Bagy contributed to the formal analysis of the data. Nashwa M. A. Sallam, Heba-Alla S. AbdElatah, Mona F. A. Dawood Elhagag Ahmed Hassan and Hadeel M. M. Khalil Bagy contributed to the reviewing and editing the manuscript. All authors reviewed and approved the final version of the manuscript.
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Sallam, N.M.A., AbdElfatah, HA.S., Dawood, M.F.A. et al. Physiological and histopathological assessments of the susceptibility of different tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) cultivars to early blight disease. Eur J Plant Pathol 160, 541–556 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-021-02263-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-021-02263-2