Abstract
The process used by engine manufacturers for the development of a new engine includes the planning and conceptual design phases, followed by the detailed design phase, in which the design target specifications are met. In the conceptual design phase, a rough specification of the target engine is presented to facilitate a detailed design and the additional cost of modification is reduced exponentially. In the conceptual design phase, however, not only is there no real engine. but there are also no 1D and 3D models present, so it is impossible to test and simulate them. Therefore, at this stage, a model that can predict emission and performance only according to the specifications and operating conditions of the engine would be very useful. Previous studies developed an EGR prediction model that can be used in the 0-D NOx prediction using a deep learning method. In this study, a NOx prediction model with high accuracy using only the operating conditions as input variables, without ECU data, was developed using deep neural networks. The developed model has high accuracy with an R-square of 0.988. The feature of this model is that all the input parameters for the deep neural network come from the operating conditions of the engine. Therefore, this model can be used in the early stages of the development of new engines when testing and simulation cannot be performed because they do not exist. The designer can set the range of the operating conditions such that they do not exceed the NOx limits at the specific operating point (specific rpm and BMEP). This variable operating design methodology is expected to be useful in the development of new engines for automobile manufacturers with various engine data.
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Abbreviations
- ANN :
-
Artificial neural networks
- BMEP :
-
Brake mean effective pressure
- DNN :
-
Deep neural networks
- ECU :
-
Engine control unit
- EGR :
-
Exhaust gas recirculation
- ELU :
-
Exponential linear unit
- NOx :
-
Nitrogen oxides
- PM :
-
Particulate matters
- RELU :
-
Rectified linear unit
- (R)MSE :
-
(Root) mean squared error
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Acknowledgments
This research was supported by the Hyundai Motor Group and the SNU IAMD for Kyoungdoug Min, and also financially supported by Hansung University for Sangyul Lee.
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Sangyul Lee obtained his B.S. (2006), M.S. (2008) and Ph.D. (2013) in Mechanical Engineering from Seoul National University, respectively. Presently he is an Assistant Professor in Division of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering at Hansung University, Seoul, S. Korea.
Kyoungdoug Min received his B.S. and M.S. degrees from the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Seoul National University in 1986 and 1988, respectively. He obtained his Ph.D. degree from M.I.T in 1994. He is now a Professor in the School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at Seoul National University.
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Lee, S., Lee, Y., Lee, Y. et al. Proposal of a methodology for designing engine operating variables using predicted NOx emissions based on deep neural networks. J Mech Sci Technol 35, 1747–1756 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-021-0337-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-021-0337-2