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Utilizing digital image processing and two-source energy balance model for the estimation of evapotranspiration of dry edible beans in western Nebraska

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Abstract

Having an accurate yet simple method to estimate crop evapotranspiration (ETC) is a vital component of reliable irrigation scheduling. In this study, two versions of the two-source energy balance (TSEB) model: the TSEB model with the Priestley–Taylor equation (TSEB-PT) and the Penman–Monteith equation (TSEB-PM), were used to estimate ETC of dry edible beans in western Nebraska. Compared with previous studies, this study is unique in that a Visual Basic software—Crop Canopy Image Analyzer (CCIA) was developed to process digitally captured RGB canopy images to obtain necessary canopy cover (CC) parameters for the TSEB models such as CC percentage and leaf shape factor (leaf area divided by its perimeter). Software-estimated CC percentage was closely correlated with commercial sensor-derived CC percentage with an R2 of 0.96. Additionally, estimated leaf shape factor was closely correlated with measured leaf shape factor with R2 of 0.99. Both TSEB-PT and TSEB-PM models estimated ETC well for fully irrigated dry edible beans with a root-mean-square error (RMSE) that ranged from 0.95 to 1.63 mm day−1 in 2018, and 0.75 to 1.35 mm day−1 in 2019, as compared to ETC estimated from FAO56. Furthermore, ETC from TSEB-PT and TSEB-PM were compared with a soil water balance-derived ETC and the RMSE ranged from 2.03 to 9.65 mm in an approximate 1-week period under four irrigation treatments ranging from dry land to fully irrigated. The proposed methods in this study, by integrating digital image processing with TSEB models, have great potential to be automated and used in field-scale operations for various irrigation management scenarios of many crops.

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Acknowledgements

We greatly appreciate the financial support from Nebraska Dry Bean Commission on this project. This research project is also supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture (Hatch project NEB-21-177, accession number 1015698).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Panhandle Research and Extension Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 4502 Avenue I, Scottsbluff, NE, USA

    Wei-zhen Liang, Isabella Possignolo & Xin Qiao

  2. Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 200 L.W. Chase Hall, Lincoln, NE, USA

    Isabella Possignolo, Xin Qiao, Suat Irmak, Derek Heeren & Daran Rudnick

  3. Water Management and Systems Research Unit, USDA-ARS, 2150 Centre Ave, Bldg. D Ste. 320, Fort Collins, CO, USA

    Kendall DeJonge

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  1. Wei-zhen Liang
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  2. Isabella Possignolo
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  3. Xin Qiao
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Correspondence to Xin Qiao.

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Liang, Wz., Possignolo, I., Qiao, X. et al. Utilizing digital image processing and two-source energy balance model for the estimation of evapotranspiration of dry edible beans in western Nebraska. Irrig Sci 39, 617–631 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-021-00721-7

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