Abstract
Previous research has shown that application of iron chelates to soil reduces Fusarium wilt in several crop species. The aim of this work was to test the effect for bananas grown in tropical soils. Disease severity and plant characteristics were measured in banana plants (cv. Ducasse, Musa ABB) grown in pots inoculated with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, Race 1 in two experiments. Experiment 1 compared amendment with iron chelates (with ligands of differing iron binding stability) with water, plus an uninoculated unamended control, in two tropical Australian soils. Experiment 2 examined the effect of Fe-HBED application rate with high or low calcium addition. In Experiment 1, iron-saturated chelate application did not significantly affect disease severity or plant tissue iron concentration, irrespective of the iron binding stability of the chelate. In Experiment 2, disease severity was not affected by Fe-HBED or calcium application rate. The concentrations of iron and aluminium in plants were both somewhat affected by the addition of Fe-HBED, calcium and their interaction. Fusarium wilt of bananas was not affected by addition of iron chelates to these soils. The lack of effect was likely due to high iron availability in the soils overwhelming the capacity of the treatments to alter iron availability to the host plant and pathogen. Application of strong chelating ligands increased the concentration of aluminium and decreased the concentration of manganese in plant tissue, with possible detrimental effects.
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Acknowledgements
We thank Wayne O’Neill from the Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries for providing advice and inoculum. We also thank Daniel Browne, Harriet Allen, Kelly Sissons, Eldon O’Regan and Cecilie Brandsvoll for their help in the field, greenhouse and laboratory. Finally, we would like to thank Dr. Philippe Lemanceau for help at the start of this project.
This project was funded by Hort Innovation, using the Hort Innovation banana research and development levy, co-investment from Queensland Government and contributions from the Australian Government. Hort Innovation is the grower-owned, not-for-profit research and development corporation for Australian horticulture.
Funding
This project was funded by Hort Innovation, using the Hort Innovation banana research and development levy, co-investment from Queensland Government and contributions from the Australian Government. Hort Innovation is the grower-owned, not-for-profit research and development corporation for Australian horticulture.
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Conceptualization: All authors; Methodology: Ryan Orr, Paul Nelson; Formal analysis and investigation: Ryan Orr, Paul Nelson; Writing—original draft preparation: Ryan Orr; Writing—review and editing: Paul Nelson, Tobin Northfield, Anthony Pattison; Funding acquisition: Anthony Pattison, Paul Nelson; Supervision: Paul Nelson, Tobin Northfield.
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Orr, R., Pattison, A., Northfield, T. et al. Iron chelates have little to no effect on the severity of Fusarium wilt of bananas in soils of the humid tropics. J Plant Pathol 103, 595–604 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42161-021-00816-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42161-021-00816-2