Skip to main content
Log in

Complexity measures for probability distributions with infinite domains

  • Regular Article - Statistical and Nonlinear Physics
  • Published:
The European Physical Journal B Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Since the second half of the last century, the concept of complexity has been studied to find and connect ideas from different disciplines. Several quantifying methods have been proposed, based on computational measures extended to the context of biological and human sciences, as, for instance, the López-Ruiz, Mancini, and Calbet (LMC); and Shiner, Davison, and Landsberg (SDL) complexity measures, which take the concept of information entropy as the core of the definitions. However, these definitions are restricted to discrete probability distributions with finite domains, limiting the systems to be studied. Extensions of these measures were proposed for continuous probability distributions, but discrete distributions with infinite domains were not discussed. Here, these cases are studied and several distributions are analyzed, including the Zipf distribution, considered the paradigmatic model for self-organizing criticality.

Graphic abstract

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

Data Availability Statement

This manuscript has no associated data or the data will not be deposited. [Authors’ comment: Data sharing not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analysed during the current study.]

References

  1. E. Morin, On Complexity (Hampton Press, New York, 2008)

    Google Scholar 

  2. M. Anand, L. Orlóci, Complexity in plant communities: the notion of quantification. J. Theor. Biol. 179, 179–186 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. K. Kaneko, I. Tsuda, Complex Systems: chaos and beyond (Springer, Berlin, 2001)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  4. R. Frei, G.M. Serugendo, The future of complexity engineering. Open Eng. 2(2), 123 (2012). https://doi.org/10.2478/s13531-011-0071-0

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. J.R.C. Piqueira, L.H.A. Monteiro, T.M.C. de Magalhães, R.T. Ramos, R.B. Sassi, E.G. Cruz, Zipf’s law organizes a psychiatric ward. J. Theor. Biol. 198, 439–443 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. L. Von Bertalanffy, General System Theory: Foundations, Development, Applications (George Braziller Inc., New York, 1968)

    Google Scholar 

  7. G. Nicolis, I. Prigogine, Self-Organization in Nonequilibrium Systems (Wiley, New York, 1977)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  8. R. López-Ruiz, H.L. Mancini, X. Calbet, A statistical measure of complexity. Phys. Lett. A 209, 321–326 (1995)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  9. J. Shiner, M. Davison, P. Landsberg, Simple measure for complexity. Phys. Rev. E 59(2), 1459–1464 (1999)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. C.E. Shannon, W. Weaver, The Mathematical Theory, of Communication (Illini Books, Urbana, 1963)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  11. R.G. Catalán, R. López-Ruiz, R., Features of the extension of a statistical measure of complexity to continuous systems. Phys. Rev. E 66(1), 011102 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.66.011102

  12. D.P. Feldman, J.P. Crutchfield, Measures of statistical complexity: why? Phys. Lett. Sect. A 238(4), 244–252 (1998)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  13. J.P. Crutchfield, D.P. Feldman, C.R. Shalizi, Comment I on “Simple measure for complexity”. Phys. Rev. E 62, 2996 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  14. J.R.C. Piqueira, A mathematical view of biological complexity. Commun. Nonlinear Sci. Numer. Simul. 14(6), 2581–2586 (2009)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  15. J.R.C. Piqueira, S.H.V.L. de Mattos, LMC and SDL Complexity Measures: A Tool to Explore Time Series. Complexity 2095063(2019), 1–8 (2019). (Article ID: 2095063)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. L.P.D. Mortoza, J.R.C. Piqueira, Measuring complexity in Brazilian economic crises. PLoS ONE 12(3) (2017) (Article ID e0173280)

  17. S. Thurner, R. Hanel, P. Klimek, Introduction to the Theory of Complex Systems (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2019)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  18. E. Desurvire, Classical and Quantum Information Theory (Cambridge University Press, New York, 2009)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  19. H. Ghourchian, A. Gohari, A. Amini, Existence and continuity of differential entropy for a class of distributions. IEEE Communications Letters 21(7), 1469–1472 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. C. Anteneodo, A. Plastino, Some features of the López-Ruiz-Mancini-Calbet (LMC) statistical measure of complexity. Phys. Lett. A 223(5), 348–354 (1996)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  21. D. Hanselman, B. Littlefield, Mastering MATLAB (Prentice-Hall, New Jersey, 1996)

    Google Scholar 

  22. M. Cheraghchi, Expressions for the entropy of binomial-type distributions. In Proceedings of IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT) (2018)

  23. M. Abramowitz, I. Stegun, Handbook of Mathematical Functions (Dover Publications, New York, 2013), p. 377

    Google Scholar 

  24. J.R.C. Piqueira, A comparison of LMC and SDL complexity measures on binomial distributions. Physica A 444, 271–275 (2016)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  25. E.T. Jaynes, Information theory ANS statistical mechanics. Phys. Rev. 106(4), 620–630 (1957)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  26. H. Araky, E.H. Lieb, Entropy inequalities. Commun. Math. Phys. 18, 160–170 (1970)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  27. N.W. Watkins, G. Pruessner, S.C. Chapma, N.B. Crosby, H.J. Jensen, 25 years of self-organized criticality: concepts and controversies. Space Sci. Rev. 198, 3–44 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-015-0155-x

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

JRCP was supported by the Brazilian Research Council (CNPq), Grant number 302883/2018-5.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to José Roberto C. Piqueira.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Rizzi, F.A., Piqueira, J.R.C. Complexity measures for probability distributions with infinite domains. Eur. Phys. J. B 94, 62 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjb/s10051-021-00064-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epjb/s10051-021-00064-4

Navigation