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Impact of peri-implant bone resorption, prosthetic materials, and crown to implant ratio on the stress distribution of short implants: a finite element analysis

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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of prosthetic materials and crown/implant (C/I) ratio on short implants with a marginal bone resorption. Three-dimensional finite element analysis was used to simulate stress distribution under static loading in non-resorption and resorption scenarios (3-mm vertical bone loss) in implants restored with single crowns and C/I ratios of 1:1, 1.5:1, and 2:1 were evaluated. Different crown materials were used: porcelain-fused to metal, porcelain-fused to zirconia, monolithic zirconia, and zirconia-based crown veneered with indirect composite resin. The C/I ratio, the peri-implant bone resorption, and the loading conditions were the key factors affecting the generated stress in short implants. In non-resorption models, von Mises stress ranged between 50 and 105 MPa whereas in resorption models, the values ranged from 168 to 322 MPa, both increasing with the higher C/I ratio under oblique forces. Under axial loading, the C/I ratio did not influence the stress values as the presence of resorption was the only parameter increasing, 57 MPa for the non-resorption models and 101 MPa for the resorption models, respectively. Preference of a prosthetic material was ineffective on the distribution of stress in the bone and implant structure under static loading in any models. The peri-implant bone resorption and a higher C/I ratio in short implants increase the stress values under both axial and oblique forces, whereas the crown material does not influence stress distribution in the surrounding bone and implant structure.

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Funding

This project was supported by the Altinbas University Scientific Research Funding (Grant Number: PB2017/2).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Altinbas University, Incirli cd. No:11, 34147, Bakirkoy, Istanbul, Turkey

    Pinar Ercal & Aysegul Erten Taysi

  2. Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Altinbas University, Incirli cd. No:11, 34147, Bakirkoy, Istanbul, Turkey

    Demet Cagil Ayvalioglu

  3. Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Altinbas University, Incirli cd. No:11, 34147, Bakirkoy, Istanbul, Turkey

    Meltem Mert Eren & Soner Sismanoglu

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  1. Pinar Ercal
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  2. Aysegul Erten Taysi
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  3. Demet Cagil Ayvalioglu
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  5. Soner Sismanoglu
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation was performed by Demet Cagil Ayvalioglu, and data collection and analysis were performed by Pinar Ercal, Aysegül Erten Taysi, Meltem Mert Eren, and Soner Sismanoglu. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Pinar Ercal and revised by Aysegül Erten Taysi, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Pinar Ercal.

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Ercal, P., Taysi, A.E., Ayvalioglu, D.C. et al. Impact of peri-implant bone resorption, prosthetic materials, and crown to implant ratio on the stress distribution of short implants: a finite element analysis. Med Biol Eng Comput 59, 813–824 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11517-021-02342-w

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