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An overview of Neotropical arthropod conservation efforts using risk assessment lists

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Abstract

Neotropical efforts for arthropod conservation are still insufficient. Some species from the Neotropical region have been assessed by the IUCN Red List criteria (IRL), while others have been assessed using local red lists (LRLs). Unfortunately, these two lists are completely unconnected, even when they use similar criteria to evaluate extinction risks. Therefore, an overview of arthropod conservation using the IRL and LRLs to determine general and common patterns for arthropods in the Neotropical region is still missing, and this was the main goal of our study. The LRLs provided significant information about the species under threat in the Neotropical region, particularly on endemic ones. Both the IRL and LRLs determined that habitat loss (agricultural use land than more 50%) is the most critical threat of arthropod diversity in this region, but other main threats were also found. The conservation efforts for arthropods in Neotropical countries have been developed heterogeneously. Special efforts are necessary to countries without red lists as large countries, islands, or island-like bioregions. So far, the most threatened arthropod diversity in the Neotropical region belongs to the Caribbean islands. Insect conservation is not just about red-listing. It is also crucial to conduct conservation action as habitat management and restoration, citizen science or specific policy to fight the illegal trade. The integration of LRLs with the IRL helped identify common threats to arthropod conservation and also facilitated the macroscopic evaluation of this topic. It is crucial to conserve Neotropical arthropods to protect animal biodiversity.

Implications for insect conservation

The homologation of the LRLs in the IUCN would increase the representation of endemic arthropods generating (1) an increase in funding for research and (2) for local conservation policies such as ecological restoration, and their use as bioindicators of environmental impact on investment projects in agriculture, mining, forestry, and urbanization.

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Acknowledgements

RMBS wants to thank Comisión Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología for providing a PhD scholarship [CONICYT 21160404] and Agencia Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo for providing a postdoctoral scholarship [FONDECYT 3200817] for support this study. We thank to Rodolfo Jaffé, JICO editor, and anonymous reviewers for providing throatful review of our manuscript. In addition, RMBS thanks Ana Clara Luz Araya, his grandmother, who dedicated her life to educating him, and sadly, she died of lung cancer during this study. Therefore, this contribution to the biological conservation of arthropods is dedicated to her.

Funding

CONICYT doctoral scholarship 21160404 and postdoctoral FONDECYT 3200817.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Biodiversidad, Universidad de Los Lagos, Av. Fuschlöcher 1305, Osorno, Chile

    Rodrigo M. Barahona-Segovia

  2. Laboratorio de Ecofisiología de Invertebrados, Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras, Santiago, Chile

    Rodrigo M. Barahona-Segovia

  3. Centro de Estudios en Ecología Espacial y Medio Ambiente – Ecogeografía, Av. José Miguel Claro, 2550, Santiago, Chile

    Rodrigo M. Barahona-Segovia

  4. Moscas Florícolas de Chile Citizen Science program, Patricio Lynch 940, Valdivia, Chile

    Rodrigo M. Barahona-Segovia

  5. Institute of Zoology, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Str. 47b, 50674, Cologne, Germany

    Álvaro Zúñiga-Reinoso

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  1. Rodrigo M. Barahona-Segovia
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  2. Álvaro Zúñiga-Reinoso
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Correspondence to Rodrigo M. Barahona-Segovia.

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Barahona-Segovia, R.M., Zúñiga-Reinoso, Á. An overview of Neotropical arthropod conservation efforts using risk assessment lists. J Insect Conserv 25, 361–376 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10841-021-00306-x

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