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Antiviral activity of sulfated polysaccharides from Sargassum ilicifolium against fish Betanodavirus infection

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Abstract

Sulfated polysaccharides (SP) from seaweeds exhibit numerous biological activities and are less toxic than conventional antiviral drugs. However, little is known about their mode of action. This study aims at extracting the polysaccharides from brown seaweed Sargassum ilicifolium and then evaluating its antiviral activity against fish Betanodavirus. The extracted SP was characterized through FT-IR, 1H NMR, and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The antiviral activity of SP was tested on SGA cell line by syncytia reduction and the polysaccharide represented a prominent antiviral activity to Betanodavirus by reducing the cytopathic effect (CPE) formation in vitro. The study revealed that SP effectively blocked viral attachment and entry. Moreover, during the in vivo challenge experiment in Gambusia affinis, SP treatment showed a significant decrease in the viral titers. Hence, these results indicate that the polysaccharides obtained from S. ilicifolium exhibited the high antiviral potential to Betanodavirus infection in fishes both in vitro and in vivo.

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The data in the article are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to the management of Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology and DST-FIST (SR/FST/ESI-145/2016) for providing the research facilities towards the Centre for Ocean Research. The co-author Ms. Jyotsna would like to thank CSIR (Council for Scientific and Industrial Research) for providing senior research fellowship (SRF) award (File no-09/1205(0002) 2K19-EMR-1).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Ocean Research (DST – FIST Sponsored Centre), MoES - Earth Science & Technology Cell, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

    Jyotsna, Parameswaran Vijayakumar, Tharmathass Stalin Dhas, Ravi Mani & Vasantharaja Raguraman

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  1. Jyotsna
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  2. Parameswaran Vijayakumar
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  3. Tharmathass Stalin Dhas
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  4. Ravi Mani
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  5. Vasantharaja Raguraman
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Jyotsna and Parameswaran Vijayakumar: conceptualization, methodology, validation, investigation writing—original draft. Stalin Dhas, Ravi Mani, and Vasantharaja Raguraman: formal analysis, conceptualization, and methodology.

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Correspondence to Parameswaran Vijayakumar.

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Jyotsna, Vijayakumar, P., Dhas, T.S. et al. Antiviral activity of sulfated polysaccharides from Sargassum ilicifolium against fish Betanodavirus infection. Aquacult Int 29, 1049–1067 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-021-00675-9

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