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Estimating the maximum earthquake magnitude in the Iranian Plateau

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Abstract

The Iranian Plateau has been subjected to destructive earthquakes throughout its history. Reliable assessment of the seismic hazard in this earthquake-prone region is therefore essential. Our study focuses on estimating the maximum earthquake magnitude as one of the main parameters of seismic hazard analysis. We implemented two quantitative approaches, namely, probabilistic and deterministic. The probabilistic method allows combining the historical (i.e. incomplete) and the instrumental parts of a catalogue with different levels of completeness and considers the uncertainties in earthquake magnitude determination. In this study, we used a unified, declustered, and complete catalogue of earthquakes in Iran, covering the period from the fourth century BC to 2019. We calculated the maximum possible magnitudes for hundreds of grid points by using the seismicity data in a 200-km radial region around each grid point. The maximum possible earthquake was observed to vary between 6.0 and 8.2, and the highest values were found in the Alborz-Azarbayejan seismotectonic province, Kopeh-Dagh, central east Iran, Makran, and the southeast Zagros. The lowest mmax values were found in the Persian Gulf, Arabian Platform, Esfahan-Sirjan region, and the Dasht-e-Kavir Desert in central Iran. As a second part to this study, we calculated the maximum credible earthquakes for 1103 identified major faults by using five empirical magnitude-scaling relationships. Our results were consistent with both the observed earthquakes and the seismic potential of the various seismogenic zones of Iran. The study results can be used in future seismic hazard analyses and have fundamental implications for mitigating seismic risk in Iran.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland

    Milad Kowsari

  2. Earthquake Engineering Research Centre, University of Iceland, Selfoss, Iceland

    Milad Kowsari

  3. Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

    Hamed Ghazi

  4. Natural Hazard Centre, Pretoria University, Pretoria, South Africa

    Andrzej Kijko

  5. Geological Survey of Iran, Azadi Square, Meraj Avenue, Tehran, 13185-1494, Iran

    Hamid Reza Javadi

  6. Department of Seismology, Institute of Geophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

    Elham Shabani

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  1. Milad Kowsari
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Kowsari, M., Ghazi, H., Kijko, A. et al. Estimating the maximum earthquake magnitude in the Iranian Plateau. J Seismol 25, 845–862 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10950-021-09998-9

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