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Methodologies for Measuring Microbial Methane Production and Emission from Soils—A Review

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Abstract

Methane is an important greenhouse gas. Prediction of its long-term effect on climate changes requires understanding of the sources of its release into the atmosphere. The present work aimed to review the most widely used modern methods for measuring microbial production and emission of methane in soils, and to assess their applicability to various microbial ecosystems. A classification of methods for measuring methane production in microbial soil ecosystems is proposed, based on the basic physical and mathematical approaches to data processing for each method. Under laboratory conditions, methane production is determined by soil samples incubation and layered mass balance methods, which makes it possible to investigate the methanogenic potential of a microbial community for subsequent simulation of microbial processes; these methods, however, cannot be directly extrapolated to natural ecosystems. To determine methane production in field experiments, gradient methods are used, as well as a deep soil chamber technique developed for wetlands. Methods for measuring methane emission are described, as well as their advantages and limitations. While traditional chamber techniques are simple and therefore widely used, their implementation is limited by such factors as changes in environmental conditions caused by using the chamber, small spatial scales, and difficulties in chamber installation in some ecosystems. More recently developed micrometeorological methods are free of these limitations and provide for proper estimations of gas emissions from ecosystems even if these emissions are heterogeneous in space and time. To estimate emissions from such specific objects as landfills and livestock complexes or at large scales (regional or even global), the inverse modeling method is used.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors are grateful to S.Yu. Mochenov and A.V. Smagin for the discussion of the classification of methods and the necessity to include the porosity factor in the formulas, respectively, as well as to A.A. Lebedev for partial technical editing of the manuscript. We are also grateful to S.N. Dedysh (Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences) for critical analysis and valuable comments during the preparation of the manuscript.

Funding

This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research project no. 18-45-860015 r_a; it was also supported in part via the state assignment project AAAA-A15-115122810146-4.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia

    M. V. Glagolev

  2. Yugra State University, 628011, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia

    M. V. Glagolev, O. R. Kotsyurbenko & A. F. Sabrekov

  3. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071, Moscow, Russia

    M. V. Glagolev, A. F. Sabrekov & I. E. Terentieva

  4. Institute of Forest Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, 143030, Uspenskoes, Moscow region, Russia

    M. V. Glagolev

  5. Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071, Moscow, Russia

    Yu. V. Litti

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  1. M. V. Glagolev
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Correspondence to M. V. Glagolev.

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Glagolev, M.V., Kotsyurbenko, O.R., Sabrekov, A.F. et al. Methodologies for Measuring Microbial Methane Production and Emission from Soils—A Review. Microbiology 90, 1–19 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0026261721010057

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