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Differential proteomic response of Agaricus bisporus and Trichoderma aggressivum f. europaeum to Bacillus velezensis supernatant

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Abstract

Trichoderma aggressivum, a mycopathogen causing green mould disease, is a major problem in Agaricus bisporus cultivation due to crop loss, and resistance to chemical fungicides. There is an urgent need for novel biological ways to control mycopathogens without affecting the growth of A. bisporus. Bacteria from the mushroom-casing environment were identified and tested for antagonistic effect on T. aggressivum. Bacillus velezensis produced a large zone of inhibition and its supernatant inhibited the growth of T. aggressivum [−37%], and slightly stimulated A. bisporus growth [+2%]. Label free quantitative-proteomic (LFQ) analysis of changes in the abundance of T. aggressivum proteins following exposure to B. velezensis supernatant indicated increased abundance of proteins associated with catabolic processing of amino acids (40-fold), amino oxidase proteins (14-fold), oxidoreductase proteins (13-fold, 4-fold) and hydrolases (3-fold). Proteins that decreased in relative abundance were antioxidants (29-fold), NTF2 domain containing protein (17-fold), 60S ribosomal protein L-13 (14-fold), glucoamylase proteins (13-fold), proteasome subunit proteins (11-fold) and other ribosomal proteins (9-fold). LFQ analysis revealed that exposing A. bisporus to B. velezensis supernatant led to a decrease in: prohibitin (13-fold, 6-fold), proteasomal proteins (11-fold), cytosolic adaptor domain containing protein (5-fold), aldehyde dehydrogenase (4-fold), ribosomal proteins (4-fold), DLH domain-containing protein (4-fold) and PKS_ER domain containing protein (3-fold). The results indicate that A. bisporus was not under stress upon contact with B. velezensis. Whereas a detrimental effect of B. velezensis on T. aggressivum is shown by inhibition of growth and damage-preventing proteins and increased abundance of proteins associated with stress.

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Abbreviations

FDR:

False Discovery Rates

GO:

gene ontology

SSDA:

statistically significant differentially abundant

DEP:

differentially expressed proteins

LFQ:

Label free quantitative-proteomic

ME:

malt extract

CYM:

complete yeast media

SN:

supernatant

MPN:

Most probable number

SE:

Standard error

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Acknowledgments

DK is a Postdoctoral Fellow supported by Irish Research Council, GOIPD/2018/115. Q-Exactive mass spectrometer was funded under the SFI Research Infrastructure Call 2012; Grant Number: 12/RI/2346. Dr. Thi Thuy Do, Maynooth University Antimicrobial Resistance and Microbiome Research Group, for helping with DNA extraction, sequencing, and identification.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland

    Dejana Kosanovic, Maria Dyas & Kevin Kavanagh

  2. Teagasc, Horticulture Development Department, Ashtown Research Centre, Dublin, 15, Ireland

    Helen Grogan

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  1. Dejana Kosanovic
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  2. Maria Dyas
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  3. Helen Grogan
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  4. Kevin Kavanagh
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Correspondence to Kevin Kavanagh.

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Kosanovic, D., Dyas, M., Grogan, H. et al. Differential proteomic response of Agaricus bisporus and Trichoderma aggressivum f. europaeum to Bacillus velezensis supernatant. Eur J Plant Pathol 160, 397–409 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-021-02252-5

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