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Influence of dietary acetic acid, protexin (probiotic), and their combination on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, digestive enzymes, immunological parameters, and fatty acids composition in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii, Brandt, 1869)

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Abstract

This study was performed to investigate the effects of dietary acetic acid, probiotic protexin, and their combination on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, digestive enzymes, immune responses, and fatty acids composition in Siberian sturgeon. A total of 120 healthy fish with an average body weight of 54.85 ± 0.36 g were randomly divided into 4 experimental groups of 3 replicates. Fish were fed with four experimental diets as follows: control diet (diet 1), and control diet supplemented with 2% acetic acid (diet 2), 0.01% protexin (diet 3), and the combination of 2% acetic acid and 0.01% protexin (diet 4). Fish were hand-fed to apparent satiation three times a day (8:00, 15:00, and 21:00) for 62 days. Our results indicated that fish received diets 2 and 4 showed the highest final body weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate (P < 0.05). The feed conversion ratio was significantly lower in the group fed on diet 4 than the other groups (P < 0.05). Administration of diet 4 significantly decreased pH of the gut, while increased gut total viable and lactic acid bacteria, and enhanced chymotrypsin, trypsin, lipase, and amylase activity compared to other diets (P ˂ 0.05). Fish in the group received diet 2 demonstrated significantly higher activities of lysozyme and alternative complement compared with other experimental groups (P < 0.05). Administration of diets 2 and 4 significantly modified muscle n-3/n-6 and docosahexaenoic acid/eicosapentaenoic acid ratios (P < 0.05). This study indicated that incorporating diet with acetic acid, alone or supplemented with protexin, had promising results as functional feed additives in A. baerii, and can be taken in account as fish diet supplementation for its growth stimulants effects.

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The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author.

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Acknowledgments

Special thanks to prof. Manuel Yufera for his valuable advices in various stages of this project.

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  1. Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, 64414-356, Iran

    Rasool Zare & Abdolmohammad Abedian Kenari

  2. International Sturgeon Research Institute, Guilan, 41635-3464, Iran

    Mohammadali Yazdani Sadati

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Abdolmohammad Abedian Kenari designed the study. Rasool Zare conducted experiments, analyzed data, and wrote manuscript. Mohammadali Yazdani Sadati conceived the research. All authors read and approved the manuscript.

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Zare, R., Abedian Kenari, A. & Yazdani Sadati, M. Influence of dietary acetic acid, protexin (probiotic), and their combination on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, digestive enzymes, immunological parameters, and fatty acids composition in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii, Brandt, 1869). Aquacult Int 29, 891–910 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-021-00652-2

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