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Overlap of Ecological Niche Breadth of Euglossa cordata and Eulaema nigrita (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Euglossini) Accessed by Pollen Loads and Species Distribution Modeling

  • Ecology, Behavior and Bionomics
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Abstract

Urban areas can serve as biodiversity refuges for pollinators because of the high diversity of available floral and nesting resources. However, it remains unclear what plant species commonly used for urban landscaping provide floral resources that pollinators actively use. Here, we integrate data from the pollen and species distribution models of two abundant euglossine bees—the large-bodied Eulaema nigrita (Lepeletier, 1841) and the small-bodied Euglossa cordata (Linnaeus, 1758)—in urban areas to investigate their overlap in diet breadth and distribution. We hypothesized that because bees with larger body sizes tend to have larger foraging areas, large-bodied bees would have a wider diet breath than small-bodied bees. Contrary to our hypothesis, we found that Eg. cordata has a wider diet breadth than El. nigrita with the former species showing higher diversity of pollen types collected (per pollen load and on average across pollen loads). Pollen grains from Solanum paniculatum and Tradescantia zebrina represented 63% of the diet of Eg. cordata, whereas pollen from S. paniculatum and Psidium guajava represented 87% of the diet of El. nigrita. After overlaying the distribution of both bee species and the three most important pollen resources, the distribution models revealed that these three plant species can co-occur with both euglossine bees throughout a large portion of eastern Brazil near the coast. Thus, we conclude S. paniculatum, T. zebrina, and P. guajava should be considered key plants for the maintenance of these two urban euglossine bee species. The results of this study provide important information for urban landscaping programs that aim to protect and preserve pollinators.

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Acknowledgements

CIS thanks the scholarship from the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq). BMF thanks CNPq for his Productivity Research Grant #308948/2016-5; EAM thanks CNPq for his postdoctoral fellowship (154912/2016-6 and 151193/2019-3 PDJ-CNPq) and FAPESP (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, Processo 2012/23342-1). MADL, CAO, and MMLU thank FAPESP (Processo 2004/15801-0).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil

    Elder Assis Miranda

  2. Núcleo de Pesquisa da Conservação e Biodiversidade do Semiárido – CONBIOS, Observatório UniFG do Semiárido Nordestino, Centro Universitário UNIFG, Guanambi, Bahia, Brazil

    Elder Assis Miranda

  3. Setor de Abelhas, Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil

    Irailde do Nascimento Lima & Breno Magalhães Freitas

  4. Department of Biology, University of Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

    Cíntia A. Oi

  5. Department of Entomology, Center for Pollinator Research, University Park, Pennsylvania, PA, USA

    Margarita M. López-Uribe

  6. Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil

    Marco Antonio Del Lama

  7. Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

    Cláudia Inês Silva

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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Data collection was carried out by MMLU, CAO, and MADL. Material preparation and data analysis were performed by EAM, INL, CAO, and CIS. The first draft of the manuscript was written by all authors, which commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Miranda, E.A., Lima, I.d., Oi, C.A. et al. Overlap of Ecological Niche Breadth of Euglossa cordata and Eulaema nigrita (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Euglossini) Accessed by Pollen Loads and Species Distribution Modeling. Neotrop Entomol 50, 197–207 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-020-00847-x

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