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A dry deposition scheme for particulate matter coupled with a well-known Lagrangian Stochastic model for pollutant dispersion

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Abstract

A 3D dry deposition scheme for particulate matter (PM) is presented as a Free-Libre and Open-Source Software (FOSS) library, DePaSITIA (RSE SpA). This combines some advanced formulations for the deposition mechanisms of sedimentation, inertial impaction, turbulent impaction and interception. The scheme also considers bouncing effects. The input quantities relate to the canopy elements (Leaf Area Density, leaf equivalent diameter, leaf shape, orientation and roughness parameters), the transporting fluid (local mean velocity, friction velocity) and the particulate matter (PM local mean concentration, median diameter and density). The deposition scheme is coupled with a well-known Lagrangian Stochastic model for pollutant dispersion, the Open-Source code SPRAY-WEB (Università del Piemonte Orientale et al.). The coupled numerical solution is validated on a laboratory test case representing the dispersion of particulate matter from two line sources within a canopy atmospheric boundary layer. The deposition interfaces are represented by the trees of a scaled spruce forest. Validation refers to the average vertical profile of the deposited mass (not the mean concentration) normalized by the above-canopy mean concentration. Some inter-comparisons are also reported considering uniform Leaf Area Density, the additional effects of molecular diffusion, the height-dependent relative contribution of each deposition mechanism and an alternative deposition scheme. The results of this test case are available as a FOSS tutorial. Considering the Fractional Bias obtained for the deposited mass (FB = 27%), this numerical solution seems suitable to simulating stationary dispersion phenomena within complex canopy boundary layers, assessing the height-dependent dry deposition fluxes of atmospheric PM. The current numerical solution might be improved and applied to elevated obstacles such as electric insulators.

Article Highlights

  1. •

    Development of a height-dependent dry deposition scheme 37 for particulate matter, coupled with a pollutant dispersion code.

  2. •

    Validation on a vertical profile of deposited pollutant mass.

  3. •

    Assessment of each deposition mechanism; availability of the code and tutorial as Open-Source Software; possible application to any elevated or ground-level 3D obstacle.

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source under stationary conditions. Lateral view. The blue horizontal line represents the canopy top

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Acknowledgements

The contributions of the RSE authors have been financed by the Research Fund for the Italian Electrical System (for “Ricerca di Sistema -RdS-”), in compliance with the Decree of Minister of Economic Development April 16, 2018. The software library “DePaSITIA v.1.0” has been financed by the Research Fund for the Italian Electrical System (for “Ricerca di Sistema -RdS-”) under the Contract Agreements between RSE SpA and the Italian Ministry of Economic Development, in compliance with the Decree of Minister of Economic Development April 16, 2018 (and analogous following agreements). The RSE contributions to SPRAY-WEB v.1.0 (Università del Piemonte Orientale et al.) were realised thanks to the funding ‘Fondo di Ricerca per il Sistema Elettrico’ within the frame of Program Agreements between RSE SpA and the Italian Ministry of Economic Development (Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico). The contributions of S. Alessandrini to the current study were made before January 2014 as an employee of RSE SpA, except for the manuscript's co-revision carried out under his current affiliation at NCAR. The first author is thankful to Prof. George Shaw (University of Nottingham, UK) for his advices during a preliminary stage of the current study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department SFE, Ricerca sul Sistema Energetico - RSE SpA, via Rubattino, 54, 20134, Milan, Italy

    Andrea Amicarelli, Stefano Alessandrini, Giordano Agate & Guido Pirovano

  2. National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), Boulder, CO, USA

    Stefano Alessandrini

  3. Dipartimento Di Scienze E Innovazione Tecnologica, Universita` del Piemonte Orientale, Alessandria, Italy

    Enrico Ferrero

  4. ARIANET Srl, via Gilino 9, 20128, Milan, Italy

    Gianni Luigi Tinarelli

  5. Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, CNR, Corso Fiume 4, 10133, Torino, Italy

    Silvia Trini Castelli

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  1. Andrea Amicarelli
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Correspondence to Andrea Amicarelli.

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Appendix A: lists of acronyms and symbols

Appendix A: lists of acronyms and symbols

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Amicarelli, A., Alessandrini, S., Agate, G. et al. A dry deposition scheme for particulate matter coupled with a well-known Lagrangian Stochastic model for pollutant dispersion. Environ Fluid Mech 21, 433–463 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10652-021-09780-y

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