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Accurate modeling and simulation of solar photovoltaic panels with simulink-MATLAB

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Abstract

A unique procedure to model and simulate a 36-cell-50 W solar panel using analytical methods has been developed. The generalized expression of solar cell equivalent circuit was validated and implemented, making no influential assumptions, under Simulink/MATLAB R2020a environment. The approach is based on extracting all the needed parameters by exploiting the available parameters from the data sheets of commercial PV panels and by estimating the slopes at both short-circuit and open-circuit conditions of the current–voltage characteristic, usually provided by most solar panels manufacturers under standard test conditions (STC). The effects of solar irradiance and temperature were both considered in the modeling. A system of coupled nonlinear simultaneous equations for diode saturation current, diode ideality factor, and series and shunt resistances has been solved. To accurately model the PV module used in our simulation and analysis, the needed temperature- dependent parameters have been extracted for the first time. At STC irradiance of 1000 W/m2, the modeled I-V curve was found identical to the experimental one which is provided by the solar panel manufacturer. The maximum power output of the PV module increases from 8.75 W to 50 W when irradiance varies from 200 W/m2 to 1000 W/m2 at STC temperature. At temperatures higher than STC and for the same solar irradiance, the power output of the PV module came down about 14.5% only when the operating temperature reached a value of 65 °C. However, as temperature is below STC, the power output went up of about 7.4% beyond the maximum power of the rated PV panel. The calculated power temperature coefficient was about −0.39%/ oC which is quite close to the one provided by the solar panel manufacturer.

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Acknowledgements

Authors NB, SK, SAA, and ASA would like to acknowledge the financial support toward this research from Deanship of Scientific Research (DSR), University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia, under research Grant No. S-1440-0245.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Nacer Badi, Syed Khasim, Saleh Ahmad Al-Ghamdi & Ayshah S. Alatawi

  2. Renewable Energy Laboratory, Nanotechnology Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Nacer Badi, Syed Khasim, Saleh Ahmad Al-Ghamdi & Ayshah S. Alatawi

  3. Department of Physics, PES University-Bangalore South Campus, Bangalore, 560100, India

    Syed Khasim

  4. Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204-5004, USA

    Alex Ignatiev

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  1. Nacer Badi
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Contributions

Authors NB, SK, SAA, and ASA contributed toward the modeling and simulation of the PV module and data generation. They also contributed toward the data analysis and discussions of the findings and manuscript writing. AI edited the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Nacer Badi.

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Badi, N., Khasim, S., Al-Ghamdi, S.A. et al. Accurate modeling and simulation of solar photovoltaic panels with simulink-MATLAB. J Comput Electron 20, 974–983 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10825-021-01656-0

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