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Influence of lufenuron on the nutrient content and detoxification enzyme expression in Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae)

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Abstract

Aedes aegypti is of utmost public health concern transmitting various diseases of human health concern. Employment of chemical-based control interventions has induced immunity in mosquitoes, harmed environment, and adversely affected human health and non-targets diverting the research focus on alternate measures. Current study investigates the efficacy of an Insect Growth Regulator, lufenuron, against early fourth instars of Ae. aegypti. The larvae exposed to lufenuron for 24 h were assessed for the effects on the development and adult emergence. The impact of sub-lethal and median-lethal dose of lufenuron was determined on the nutrients and detoxification enzymes of Ae. aegypti. The larvae exposed to lufenuron showed reduced adult emergence exhibiting the respective IE30 and IE50 as 0.13 μg/L and 0.96 μg/L. Larval treatment with IE30 and IE50 lufenuron reduced the carbohydrate and lipid content in Ae. aegypti. However, the protein levels in the larvae decreased only on exposure to IE30 lufenuron while increased with IE50 lufenuron. Besides, IE30 and IE50 lufenuron treatment elevated α-esterases (1.05-fold; 1.15-fold); β-esterases (1.29-fold;1.62-fold), and Glutathione-S-transferases (1.19-fold; 3.1-fold) expression in the Ae. aegypti larvae. The % acetylcholinesterase inhibition also reduced by 3.75-fold and 2.07-fold, correspondingly, while the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase expression rose (1.15-fold) only with IE50 dosage of lufenuron. It is suggested that lufenuron stress probably ampliflied the catabolism of nutrients and expression of metabolic detoxifying enzymes in Ae. aegypti larvae in order to meet higher energy requirements and counteract the adverse effects of lufenuron. This is the first ever report unravelling the effect of lufenuron on the biochemical parameters of Ae. aegypti larvae.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are thankful to Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi for providing financial assistance to carry out the experiment. The authors extend thanks to Principal, Acharya Narendra Dev College for providing laboratory and culture facilities to conduct the experiments.

Funding

This work was supported by the research grant from Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR- Award No. 08/529(0006)/2017-EMR-I).

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KP conceived the idea and designed the study, conducted the bioassays, wrote the manuscript, analysed and interpreted the data; RRS conducted the experiments, analysed and interpreted the data; PL conducted the experiments; SK designed the study and supervised the bioassays, helped statistically analyse and interpreted the data. All authors approved of the final version to be submitted.

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Correspondence to Sarita Kumar.

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Panmei, K., Samal, R.R., Lanbiliu, P. et al. Influence of lufenuron on the nutrient content and detoxification enzyme expression in Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae). Int J Trop Insect Sci 41, 2965–2973 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42690-021-00481-z

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