Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Atmospheric Centers of Action in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres: Features and Variability

  • Published:
Russian Meteorology and Hydrology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

An analysis is carried out to estimate features of the atmospheric centers of action (ACA) in the Northern and Southern hemispheres using different long-term reanalysis data. The variability of ACAs and their relation to the hemispheric temperature and key climatic modes, including the El Niño–Southern Oscillation, Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, and Pacific Decadal Oscillation is analyzed. According to long-term data, it is found that the centennial hemispheric warming is accompanied by a significant weakening of the polar highs and the Greenland High that is more significant in summer. The deepening of the Icelandic Low, especially in summer, and the Aleutian Low, especially in winter, is shown. A significant weakening of the winter Siberian and North American highs and a deepening of the summer North American Low are also revealed. In the Southern Hemisphere, all three subpolar oceanic lows and the Mascarene High significantly intensify under warming conditions, while the summer Australian and South African lows weaken.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.

Similar content being viewed by others

REFERENCES

  1. E. N. Blinova, “Hydrodynamic Theory of Pressure Waves, Temperature Waves, and Atmospheric Centers of Action,” Dokl. Akad. Nauk, No. 7, 39 (1943) [in Russian].

  2. Second Roshydromet Assessment Report on Climate Change and Its Consequences in the Russian Federation (Roshydromet, Moscow, 2014) [in Russian].

  3. M. B. Galin and V. M. Kharitonenko, “A Role of Orographic and Thermal Surface Inhomogeneities in Formation of Planetary Waves,” Izv. Akad. Nauk, Fiz. Atmos. Okeana, No. 5, 25 (1989) [in Russian].

  4. D. Yu. Gushchina and M. A. Petrosyants, “Interaction between Equatorial Pacific Sea Surface Temperature and Wind Velocity Circulation in Atmospheric Centers of Action,” Meteorol. Gidrol., No. 12 (1998) [Russ. Meteorol. Hydrol., No. 12 (1998)].

  5. I. V. Zheleznova and D. Yu. Gushchina, “Circulation Anomalies in the Atmospheric Centers of Action during the Eastern Pacific and Central Pacific El Niño,” Meteorol. Gidrol., No. 11 (2016) [Russ. Meteorol. Hydrol., No. 11, 41 (2016)].

  6. I. I. Mokhov, A. V. Eliseev, and D. V. Khvorost’yanov, “Evolution of the Characteristics of Interannual Climate Variability Associated with the El Niño and La Niña Phenomena,” Izv. Akad. Nauk, Fiz. Atmos. Okeana, No. 6, 36 (2000) [Izv., Atmos. Oceanic Phys., No. 6, 36(2000)].

  7. I. I. Mokhov and V. K. Petukhov, “Atmospheric Centers of Action and Tendencies of Their Change,” Izv. Akad. Nauk, Fiz. Atmos. Okeana, No. 3, 36 (2000) [Izv., Atmos. Oceanic Phys., No. 3, 36 (2000)].

  8. I. I. Mokhov and V. Ch. Khon, “Interannual Variability and Long-term Tendencies of Change in Atmospheric Centers of Action in the Northern Hemisphere: Analyses of Observational Data,” Izv. Akad. Nauk, Fiz. Atmos. Okeana, No. 6, 41 (2005) [Izv., Atmos. Oceanic Phys., No. 6, 41 (2005)].

  9. I. I. Mokhov, A. V. Chernokulsky, and A. M. Osipov, “Atmospheric Centers of Action,” in Intensive Atmospheric Vortices and Their Dynamics, Ed. by I. I. Mokhov, M. V. Kurganskii, and O. G. Chkhetiani (GEOS, Moscow, 2018) [in Russian].

  10. Yu. P. Perevedentsev, N. V. Ismagilov, and K. M. Shantalinskii, “Atmospheric Centers of Action and Their Relation with the Northern Hemisphere Macrocirculation Processes,” Meteorol. Gidrol., No. 3 (1994) [Russ. Meteorol. Hydrol., No. 3 (1994)].

  11. I. A. Pisnichenko, “Dynamics of Ultralong Waves in a Two-dimensional Baroclinic Atmosphere Model,” Izv. Akad. Nauk, Fiz. Atmos. Okeana, No. 9, 16 (1980) [in Russian].

  12. V. Ch. Khon and I. I. Mokhov, “Model Estimates for the Sensitivity of Atmospheric Centers of Action to Global Climate Changes,” Izv. Akad. Nauk, Fiz. Atmos. Okeana, No. 6, 42 (2006) [Izv., Atmos. Oceanic Phys., No. 6, 42 (2006)].

  13. A. V. Chernokulsky, I. I. Mokhov, and N. G. Nikitina, “Winter Cloudiness Variability over Northern Eurasia Related to the Siberian High during 1966–2010,” Environ. Res. Lett., No. 4, 8 (2013).

  14. Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Ed. by T. F. Stocker, D. Qin, G.-K. Plattner, M. Tignor, S. K. Allen, J. Doschung, A. Nauels, Y. Xia, V. Bex, and P. M. Midgley (Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 2013).

  15. J. Cohen and D. Entekhabi, “Eurasian Snow Cover Variability and Northern Hemisphere Climate Predictability,” Geophys. Res. Lett., 26 (1999).

  16. J. Cohen and J. Jones, “A New Index for More Accurate Winter Predictions,” Geophys. Res. Lett., 38 (2011).

  17. J. Cohen, K. Saito, and D. Entekhabi, “The Role of the Siberian High in Northern Hemisphere Climate Variability,” Geophys. Res. Lett., 28 (2001).

  18. G. P. Compo, J. S. Whitaker, P. D. Sardeshmukh, N. Matsui, R. J. Allan, X. Yin, B. E. Gleason, R. S. Vose, G. Rutledge, P. Bessemoulin, S. Bronnimann, M. Brunet, R. I. Crouthamel, A. N. Grant, P. Y. Groisman, P. D. Jones, M. C. Kruk, A. C. Kruger, G. J. Marshall, M. Maugeri, H. Y. Mok, O. Nordli, T. F. Ross, R. M. Trigo, X. L. Wang, S. D. Woodruff, and S. J. Worley, “The Twentieth Century Reanalysis Project,” Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc., 137 (2011).

  19. D. P. Dee, S. M. Uppala, A. J. Simmons, P. Berrisford, P. Poli, S. Kobayashi, U. Andrae, M. A. Balmaseda, G. Balsamo, P. Bauer, P. Bechtold, A. C. M. Beljaars, L. van de Berg, J. Bidlot, N. Bormann, C. Delsol, R. Dragani, M. Fuentes, A. J. Geer, L. Haimberger, S. B. Healy, H. Hersbach, E. V. Holm, L. Isaksen, P. Kellberg, M. Kohler, M. Matricardi, A. P. McNally, B. M. Monge-Sanz, J.-J. Morcrette, B.-K. Park, C. Peubey, P. de Rosnay, C. Tavolato, J.-N. Thepaut, and F. Vitart, “The ERA-Interim Reanalysis: Configuration and Performance of the Data Assimilation System,” Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc., No. 656, 137 (2011).

  20. Y. Ding and T. N. Krishnamurti, “Heat Budget of the Siberian High and Winter Monsoon,” Mon. Wea. Rev., 115 (1987).

  21. B. J. Haurwitz, “The Motion of Atmospheric Disturbances on the Spherical Earth,” Marine Res., No. 1–3, 3 (1940).

  22. V. N. Kryjov and Y.-M. Min, “Predictability of the Wintertime Arctic Oscillation Based on Autumn Circulation,” Int. J. Climatol., 36 (2016).

  23. I. I. Mokhov, D. V. Khvorostyanov, and A. V. Eliseev, “Decadal and Longer-term Changes in ENSO Characteristics,” Int. J. Climatol., 24 (2004).

  24. P. Poli, H. Hersbach, D. P. Dee, P. Berrisford, A. J. Simmons, F. Vitart, P. Laloyaux, D. G. H. Tan, C. Peubey, J.-N. Thepaut, Y. Tremolet, E. V. Holm, M. Bonavita, L. Isaksen, and M. Fisher, “ERA-20C: An Atmospheric Reanalysis of the Twentieth Century,” J. Climate, 29 (2016).

  25. C. G. Rossby, “Relation between Variations in the Intensity of the Zonal Circulation of the Atmosphere and the Displacements of the Semi-permanent Centres of Action,” J. Marine Res., No. 1, 2 (1939).

  26. J. Smagorinsky, “The Dynamical Influence of Large-scale Heat Sources and Sinks on the Quasi-stationary Mean Motions of the Atmosphere,” Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc., 79 (1953).

  27. X. J. Sun, P. X. Wang, and J. X. L. Wang, “An Assessment of the Atmospheric Centers of Action in the Northern Hemisphere Winter,” Climate Dynamics, No. 3–4, 48 (2016).

  28. K. E. Trenberth, G. W. Branstator, D. Karoly, A. Kumar, N.-C. Lau, and C. Ropelewski, “Progress during TOGA in Understanding and Modeling Global Teleconnections Associated with Tropical Sea Surface Temperatures,” J. Geophys. Res., No. C7, 103 (1998).

  29. J. M. Wallace, “The Climatological Mean Stationary Waves: Observational Evidence,” in Large-scale Dynamical Processes in the Atmosphere, Ed. by B. Hoskins and R. Pearce (Academic Press, London, 1988).

Download references

Funding

The research was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (grant 19-17-00240). The analysis of the correlation between ACAs and the leading modes of climate variability and hemispheric temperature was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grants 17-29-05098, 18-05-60111).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119017, Moscow, Russia

    I. I. Mokhov & A. V. Chernokulsky

  2. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia

    I. I. Mokhov & A. M. Osipov

Authors
  1. I. I. Mokhov
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. A. V. Chernokulsky
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. A. M. Osipov
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to I. I. Mokhov.

Additional information

Russian Text ©The Author(s), 2020, published in Meteorologiya i Gidrologiya, 2020, No. 11, pp. 5-23.

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Mokhov, I.I., Chernokulsky, A.V. & Osipov, A.M. Atmospheric Centers of Action in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres: Features and Variability . Russ. Meteorol. Hydrol. 45, 749–761 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068373920110011

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068373920110011

Keywords

Search

Navigation