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Genetic dissection of physiological traits over trait based breeding in bread wheat conferring terminal heat tolerance

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Abstract

Breeding of heat-tolerant cultivars requires knowledge of the genetic behavior of morpho-physiological traits. Gene action was investigated using wide phenotypic segregation ranging across six generations (P1, P2, F1, BC1, BC2 and F2) of four different tolerant × sensitive crosses for grain filling duration, GFD (40.14–46.20); canopy temperature depression, CTD (2.42–5.97); normalized difference vegetation index, NDVI (0.35–0.61); membrane thermostability index, MSI (31.40–40.93); no. of grains/spike, GN/SP (26.29–54.80); thousand-grain weight, TGW (31.70–44.45); and grain yield/plant, GY (15.37–24.89) under terminal heat stress. Scaling results indicated an absence of epistasis for MSI and TGW in cross PBN51 × HUW510. The prominence of Dominance × dominance interaction over additive × additive and additive × dominance interactions along with significant dominant gene effect [h] for all traits except MSI was observed. For MSI, similar signs of [d] and [i] along with significant [j] showed the possibility of exploitation of additive gene effect. CTD, NDVI and GN/SP were controlled by duplicated epistasis, whereas both complementary and duplicate epistasis was found for GFD. Digenic interactions with prominent duplicate epistasis indicate that biparental mating or diallel selective mating might be efficiently utilized for their improvement. The present investigation indicated a preponderance of non-additive gene action for studied traits, thus, implying toward delaying of selection to the later generations to exploit transgressive segregants. Any conventional breeding strategy would be followed for generating the cultivars with low CTD, reduced cell membrane injury, with higher NDVI, TGW, GFD, no. of grains/spike and grain yield/plant.

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Acknowledgements

We acknowledge Director Research, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar-263 145 (Uttarakhand, India) for providing research facilities. The laboratory facility provided by Dr. Poonam is duly acknowledged. This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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  1. Devender Sharma

    Present address: ICAR-Vivekananda Parvatiya Krishi Anusandhan Sansthan (VPKAS), Almora, 263601, India

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, India

    Devender Sharma, Jai Prakash Jaiswal, Navin Chander Gahtyari, Anjana Chauhan & Narendra Kumar Singh

  2. ICAR-Vivekananda Parvatiya Krishi Anusandhan Sansthan (VPKAS), Almora, 263601, India

    Navin Chander Gahtyari

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Contributions

DS conducted the experiment. DS, JPJ and AC developed the generations. DS and AC recorded the data. DS, NCG and NKS analyzed the data. DS, JPJ and NCG drafted the manuscript. JPJ and DS designed the experiment.

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Correspondence to Devender Sharma.

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Additional information

Communicated by A. Goyal.

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Sharma, D., Jaiswal, J.P., Gahtyari, N.C. et al. Genetic dissection of physiological traits over trait based breeding in bread wheat conferring terminal heat tolerance. CEREAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 49, 663–671 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42976-021-00139-z

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