Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Distribution and controlling factors of the oolitic shoal deposits in the sequence stratigraphic framework: a case study of the Lower Triassic Feixianguan Formation, eastern Sichuan Basin, China

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Carbonates and Evaporites Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

As one of the main reservoirs types in the Sichuan Basin, the granular shoal reservoirs of the Feixianguan Formation have great potential for oil and gas exploration. Therefore, it is very important to study the sedimentary evolution characteristics and the distribution of shoal deposits of the Feixianguan Formation. In this paper, the sequence stratigraphy, sedimentary characteristics and distribution characteristics of the granular shoal deposits of the southwestern section of the Kaijiang–Liangping Trough in the Sichuan Basin were investigated, through core observations, thin section analysis, and field profiles measurement and sampling, combined with well-logging data and interpretations of two and three-dimensional seismic data of the local area. According to the identification marks, three sequence boundaries (SB1, SB2, and SB3) and two third-order sequences (SQ1 and SQ2) were identified, and a transgressive systems tract (TST) and highstand systems tract (HST) were distinguished in each third-order sequence. The analysis of the Feixianguan Formation sedimentary facies indicated that this formation developed in a carbonate platform setting. In the depositional period of SQ1, the study area inherited the sedimentary pattern of the Changxing Formation and developed carbonate platform depositions. During the SQ1-HST stage, the platform margin shoals and the intra-platform shoals in the study area were relatively well developed. During the SQ2-TST period, oolitic shoals were developed in the region, but their thicknesses were smaller than those of SQ1-HST. In addition, the distribution pattern of sedimentary facies was similar to that of SQ1-HST. The platform marginal zone was relatively narrow at that time, whereas the open platform was more widely distributed, and the distribution areas of platform margin shoals and intra-platform oolitic shoals were relatively limited. During the depositional period of SQ2-TST, the sea level dropped to the lowest level of the studied interval, and limited and evaporation platform facies developed in the study area. Based on previous studies, the influence of different factors on the deposition of the shoals in the Feixianguan Formation were evaluated. The results showed that under the influence of sea level, basement faults, and hydrodynamic conditions, the platform margin area in the study area was more favorable to the development of granular shoals, and the growth model of the granular shoals was “accretion before migration”.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bergman Kelly L, Westphal H, Janson X, Poiriez A, Eberli GP (2010) Controlling parameters on facies geometries of the Bahamas, an isolated carbonate platform environment, Carbonate depositional systems: Assessing dimensions and controlling parameters. Springer, pp 5–80

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Cheng J, Tan Q, Guo T, Deng P, Wang R, Wang Z (2010) Sedimentary characteristics and evolution of the carbonate platform-margins in the Changxing Formation-Feixianguan Formation in Yuanba, northeastern Sichuan. Sediment Geol Tethyan Geol 30(4):29–37

    Google Scholar 

  • Dai G, Zheng R, Li S, Zheng C, Hu Z (2009) Sequence-based lithofacies and paleogeolography of Lower Triassic Feixianguan Formation in eastern Sichuan and northern Zhongqing area. Geol China 36(01):110–119 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ding X, Wu H, Sun Y, Yu H, Zhao Z, Chen J, Tang Q (2019) Genetic types of carbonate shoal reservoirs in the Middle Triassic of the Sichuan Basin (SW China). Mar Pet Geol 99:61–74

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dunham R (1962) Classification of carbonate rocks according to their depositional texture. In: Ham WE (ed) Classification of carbonate rocks, vol 1. A Symposium. AAPG Memoir, pp 108–121

  • Ehrenberg SN, Svana TA, Swart PK (2008) Uranium depletion across the Permian-Triassic boundary in Middle East carbonates: signature of oceanic anoxia. AAPG Bull 92(6):691–707

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gao Z, Ding Q, Hu X (2015) Characteristics and controlling factors of carbonate intra-platform shoals in the Tarim Basin, NW China. J Petrol Sci Eng 127:20–34

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gawthorpe RL, Fraser AJ, Collier REL (1994) Sequence stratigraphy in active extensional basins: implications for the interpretation of ancient basin-fills. Mar Pet Geol 11(6):642–658

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gu Z, Yin J, Yuan M, Bo D, Liang D, Zhang H, Zhang L (2015) Accumulation conditions and exploration directions of natural gas in deep subsalt Sinian-Cambrian System in the eastern Sichuan Basin, SW China. Petrol Explor Dev 42(2):152–166

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hollis C, Lawrence DA, de Deville PM, Al Darmaki F (2017) Controls on porosity preservation within a Jurassic oolitic reservoir complex, UAE. Mar Pet Geol 88:888–906

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hu M, Hu Z, Wei G, Yang W, Liu M (2012) Sequence lithofacies paleogeography and reservoir potential of the Maokou Formation in Sichuan Basin. Petrol Explor Dev 39(1):51–61

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hu Z, Dong Q, Li S, Su N, Zuo M, Qin P (2019) Combination regularities of reef-beach and main controlling factors in Changxing-Feixianguan Formation of eastern Sichuan-northern Chongqing area. J China Univ Petrol (Edn Nat Sci) 43(03):25–35 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Jia C, Zou C, Yang Z, Zhu R, Chen Z, Zhang B, Jiang L (2018) Significant progress of continental petroleum geological theory in basins of Central and Western China. Petrol Explor Dev 45(4):573–588

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jiang L, Worden RH, Cai C (2015) Generation of isotopically and compositionally distinct water during thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) in carbonate reservoirs: Triassic Feixianguan Formation, Sichuan Basin, China. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 165:249–262

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jiang L, Worden RH, Cai CF, Shen AJ, He XY, Pan LY (2018) Contrasting diagenetic evolution patterns of platform margin limestones and dolostones in the Lower Triassic Feixianguan Formation, Sichuan Basin, China. Mar Pet Geol 92:332–351

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kaufman AJ, Knoll AH (1995) Neoproterozoic variations in the C-isotopic composition of seawater: stratigraphic and biogeochemical implications. Precambr Res 73(1–4):27–49

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li G, Zheng R, Tang Y, Wang Y, Tang K (2007) Sequence-based lithofacies and paleogeography of Lower Triassic Feixianguan Formation in northeastern Sichuan Basin. Lithol Reserv (04):64–70, (in Chinese with English abstract)

  • Li L, Tan X, Xia J, Luo B, Chen J (2008) Influences of Eustatic movement on the Cambrian reservoirs of bank facies in Weiyuan Gas Field, the Sichuan Basin. Nat Gas Ind B 28(4):19–21 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Li K, Zhang X, He X, Fan J (2018) Modification of dolomitization on pores in oolitic shoal reservoirs of the Feixianguan Formation in the northeastern Sichuan Basin. Oil Gas Geol 39(04):706–718 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Li W, Zhang J, Hao Y, Ni C, Tian H, Zeng Y, Yao Q, Shan S, Cao J, Zou Q (2019) Characteristics of carbon and oxygen isotopic, paleoceanographic environment and their relationship with reservoirs of the Xixiangchi Formation, southeastern Sichuan Basin. Acta Geologica Sinica 93(2):487–500 (in Chinese with English abstract)

  • Liu C, Xie Q (2018) Depositional, sedimentary, and diagenetic controls on reservoir quality in carbonate successions: a case study from the carbonate gas reservoirs of the Lower Triassic Feixianguan Formation, eastern Sichuan Basin, China. J Petrol Sci Eng 163:484–500

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu Y, Richard HW, Jin Z, Liu W, Li J, Gao B, Zhang D, Hu A, Yang C (2013) TSR versus non-TSR processes and their impact on gas geochemistry and carbon stable isotopes in Carboniferous, Permian and Lower Triassic marine carbonate gas reservoirs in the Eastern Sichuan Basin, China. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 100:96–115

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu C, Xie Q, Wang G, Song Y, Qi K (2016a) Dolomite origin and its implication for porosity development of the carbonate gas reservoirs in the Upper Permian Changxing Formation of the eastern Sichuan Basin, Southwest China. J Natl Gas Sci Eng 35:775–797

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu S, Sun W, Li Z, Deng B, Zhong Y, Song J, Ran B, Luo Z, Han K, Jiang L (2016b) Distribution characteristics of marine carbonate reservoirs and their tectonic controlling factors across the Sichuan superimposed basin. Lithol Reserv 28(5):1–17 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu S, Wang Y, Sun W, Zhong Y, Hong H, Deng B, Xia M, Song J, Wen Y, Wu J (2016c) Control of intracratonic sags on the hydrocarbon accumulations in the marine strata across the Sichuan Basin, China. J Chengdu Univ Technol (Sci Technol Edn) 43(01):1–23 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu J, Luo C, Jiang N, Xu Y, Chen C, Huang X (2017a) Reservoir characteristics and control factor of distribution of Feixianguan formation in Huanglongchang area of northeastern Sichuan. Journal of Northeast Petroleum University 41(05):33-42+6 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu Q, Jin Z, Zhou B, Zhu D, Meng Q (2017b) Main factors for large accumulations of natural gas in the marine carbonate strata of the Eastern Sichuan Basin, China. J Nat Gas Geosci 2(2):81–97

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu R, Huo F, Wang X, Yang T, Li X, Chen K (2017c) Characteristics and main controlling factors of Lower Triassic Feixianguan Formation carbonate reservoir in Puguang gas field. China Petrol Explor 22(06):34–46 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Luo Z (1983) The influence of the ground fissure movement since Late Paleozoic on the formation of petroleum and other minerals in Southwest China. Geological Review (05):447 (in Chinese with English abstract)

  • Luo Z, Zhao X, Liu S, Yong Z (2001) Establishment and development of “Chinese taphrogeny outlook”. Exp Petrol Geol (02): 232–241 (in Chinese with English abstract)

  • Luo B, Yang Y, Luo W, Wen L, Wang W, Chen K (2017) Controlling factors of Dengying Formation reservoirs in the central Sichuan paleo-uplift. Petrol Res 2(1):54–63

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ma Y, Cai X, Zhao P (2016) Characteristics and formation mechanism of Changxing Formation-Feixianguan Formation reef-shoal reservoirs in Yuanba Gasfield. Petrol Res 1(2):123–134

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ma X, Yang Y, Wen L, Luo B (2019) Distribution and exploration direction of medium- and large-sized marine carbonate gas fields in Sichuan Basin, SW China. Petrol Explor Dev 46(1):1–15

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Makhloufi Y, Collin P-Y, Bergerat F, Casteleyn L, Claes S, David C, Menendez B, Monna F, Robion P, Sizun J-P, Swennen R, Rigollet C (2013) Impact of sedimentology and diagenesis on the petrophysical properties of a tight oolitic carbonate reservoir. The case of the Oolite Blanche Formation (Bathonian, Paris Basin, France). Mar Pet Geol 48:323–340

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mehrabi H, Rahimpour-Bonab H, Enayati-Bidgoli AH, Esrafili-Dizaji B (2015) Impact of contrasting paleoclimate on carbonate reservoir architecture: cases from arid Permo-Triassic and humid Cretaceous platforms in the south and southwestern Iran. J Petrol Sci Eng 126:262–283

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Qiao Z, Janson X, Shen A, Zheng J, Zeng H, Wang X (2016) Lithofacies, architecture, and reservoir heterogeneity of tidal-dominated platform marginal oolitic shoal: An analogue of oolitic reservoirs of Lower Triassic Feixianguan Formation, Sichuan Basin, SW China. Mar Pet Geol 76:290–309

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shen A, Zhao W, Hu A, She M, Chen Y, Wang X (2015) Major factors controlling the development of marine carbonate reservoirs. Petrol Explor Dev 42(5):597–608

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shen A, Chen Y, Meng S, Zheng J, Qiao Z, Ni X, Zhang J, Wu X (2019) The research progress of marine carbonate reservoirs in China and its significance for oil and gas exploration. Mar OrigPetrol Geol 24(04):1–14 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Shi C, Cao J, Tan X, Luo B, Zeng W, Hong H, Huang X, Wang Y (2018) Hydrocarbon generation capability of Sinian-Lower Cambrian shale, mudstone, and carbonate rocks in the Sichuan Basin, southwestern China: Implications for contributions to the giant Sinian Dengying natural gas accumulation. AAPG Bull 102(5):817–853

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sun L, Zou C, Zhu R, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Zhang B, Zhu G, Gao Z (2013) Formation, distribution, and potential of deep hydrocarbon resources in China. Petrol Explor Dev 40(6):687–695

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang Z, Zhao W, Hu S, Xu A, Jiang Q, Jiang H, Huang S, Li Q (2017) Control of tectonic differentiation on the formation of large oil and gas fields in craton basins: a case study of Sinian-Triassic of the Sichuan Basin. Nat Gas Ind B 4(2):141–155

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang Z, Zhang Y, Hu C, Bai Y, Zhang B, Wei K (2018) Sedimentary characteristics and controlling factors of grain banks of the Middle Cambrian Zhangxia Formation in southern Ordos Basin. J Palaeogeogr (Chin Edtn) 20(2):219–230 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Wei G, Zhu Q, Yang W, Zhang C, Mo W (2019) Cambrian faults and their control on the sedimentation and reservoirs in the Ordos Basin, NW China. Petrol Explor Dev 46(5):883–895

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wei G, Yang W, Liu M, Xie W, Jin H, Wu S, Su N, Shen J, Hao C (2020) Distribution rules, main controlling factors and exploration directions of giant gas fields in the Sichuan Basin. Nat Gas Ind B 7(1):1–12

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wu N (2019) Sequence stratigraphy and reef beach distribution of Feixianguan Formation in western Hubei-eastern Chongqing area: a case study of the third member of Feixianguan Formation in Jiannan and adjacent area. Petrol Geol Exp 41(04):524-529+547

    Google Scholar 

  • Xiao D, Tan X, Xi A, Liu H, Shan S, Xia J, Cheng Y, Lian C (2016) An inland facies-controlled eogenetic karst of the carbonate reservoir in the Middle Permian Maokou Formation, southern Sichuan Basin, SW China. Mar Petrol Geol 72:218–233

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yang J, Zeng Z, Cai X, Li Z, Li T, Meng F, He W (2014) Carbon and oxygen isotopes analyses for the Sinian carbonates in the Helan Mountain, North China. Chin Sci Bull 1:3943–3955 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang G, Wang H, Shen H, Yang Y, Jia S, Chen W, Zhu H, Li Y (2015) Characteristics and exploration prospects of Middle Permian reservoirs in the Sichuan Basin. Nat Gas Ind B 2(5):399–405

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yang X, Wang Y, Wang X, Zeng D, Xu L, Huang Z (2017) Evaluation of dolomite reservoirs in the Longwangmiao Formation, Lower Cambrian in Northern Sichuan basin, China. Petroleum 3(4):406–413

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yu J, Zheng M, Li J, Wu X, Guo Q (2018a) Resource potential, exploration prospects, and favorable direction for natural gas in deep formations in China. J Nat Gas Geosci 3(6):311–320

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yu Y, Sun L, Song X, Guo R, Gao X, Lin M, Yi L, Han H, Li F, Liu H (2018b) Sedimentary diagenesis of rudist shoal and its control on reservoirs: a case study of Cretaceous Mishrif Formation, H Oilfield, Iraq. Petrol Explor Dev 45(6):1075–1087

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zecchin M, Mellere D, Roda C (2006) Sequence stratigraphy and architectural variability in growth fault-bounded basin fills a review of Plio-Pleistocene stratal units of the Crotone Basin, southern Italy. J Geol Soc 163(3):471–486

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang M, Lin C, Sun Y, Liu J, Li H, Wang Q, Wang Y (2020) Sequence framework, depositional evolution and controlling processes, the Early Carboniferous carbonate system, Chu-Sarysu Basin, southern Kazakhstan. Mar Pet Geol 111:544–556

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao W, Shen A, Hu S, Zhang B, Pan W, Zhou J, Wang Z (2012) Geological conditions and distributional features of large-scale carbonate reservoirs onshore China. Petrol Explor Dev 39(01):1–12 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao W, Shen A, Zhou J, Wang X, Lu J (2014) Types, characteristics, origin and exploration significance of reef-shoal reservoirs: a case study of Tarim Basin, NW China, and Sichuan Basin, SW China. Petrol Explor Dev 41(3):283–293

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zheng R, Luo P, Wen Q, Xu F, Li Y, Di W (2009) Characteristics of Sequence-based Lithofacies and Paleogeography, and Prediction of Oolitic Shoal of the Feixianguan Formation in the Northeastern Sichuan. Acta Sedimentol Sin 27(01):1–8 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhou Q, Zhuo S, Wei G, Zhang L (2008) Sequence Stratigraphic analysis of the Lower Triassic Feixianguan Formation in northern Sichuan Basin. J Stratigr 32(04):406–410 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhou Z, Wang X, Yin G, Yuan S, Zeng S (2016) Characteristics and genesis of the (Sinian) Dengying Formation reservoir in Central Sichuan, China. J Nat Gas Sci Eng 29:311–321

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou J, Deng H, Yu Z, Guo Q, Zhang R, Zhang J, Li W (2019) The genesis and prediction of dolomite reservoir in reef-shoal of Changxing Formation-Feixianguan Formation in Sichuan Basin. J Petrol Sci Eng 178:324–335

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhu R, Guo H, Gao Z, Wang X, Zhang X (2007) Main controlling factors of distribution and genetics of marine reservoirs in China. Chin Sci Bull 52(1):54–61

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China (Grant No. 2016ZX05007002), Educational Commission of Hubei Province of China (Grant No. D20171302), and Open Foundation of Top Disciplines in Yangtze University (Grant No. 2019KFJJ0818027).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Geosciences, Yangtze University, Wuhan, 430100, China

    Mingtao Zuo, Zhonggui Hu, Mingyi Hu & Xing Niu

  2. China University of Petroleum Huadong School of Geosciences, Qingdao, 266580, China

    Qingmin Dong

Authors
  1. Mingtao Zuo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Zhonggui Hu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Mingyi Hu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Xing Niu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Qingmin Dong
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Zhonggui Hu.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Zuo, M., Hu, Z., Hu, M. et al. Distribution and controlling factors of the oolitic shoal deposits in the sequence stratigraphic framework: a case study of the Lower Triassic Feixianguan Formation, eastern Sichuan Basin, China. Carbonates Evaporites 36, 17 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13146-021-00680-2

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13146-021-00680-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation