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Contribution of Monovalent (Na+ and K+) and Divalent (Ca2+) Ions to the Mechanisms of Synaptic Plasticity

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Biochemistry (Moscow), Supplement Series A: Membrane and Cell Biology Aims and scope

Abstract

The review presents the mechanisms of participation of ions (Na+, K+, and Ca2+) in the processes of synaptic plasticity in the postsynaptic neuron during long-term potentiation and long-term depression. It is assumed that the main participants are AMPA and NMDA receptors, voltage-dependent Na+, K+, Ca2+ channels, Ca2+ and Na+-activated K+ channels, ATP-sensitive K+ channels, and Ca2+ channels of the endoplasmic reticulum. The review provides their molecular characteristics and discusses their role in long-term potentiation and long-term depression. The significance of changes in the intracellular ratio [Na+]i/[K+]i and Ca2+-dependent mechanism are considered for the first time from the signal formation to the level of gene expression. We believe that additional research is needed to identify a subset of neuronal genes whose differential expression contributes to synaptic plasticity, which is implemented with the participation of [Na+]i/[K+]i-sensitive Ca2+-independent “excitation–transcription coupling” mechanism.

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Funding

The work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 19-14-50 358).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Biology, Moscow Lomonosov State University, 119992, Moscow, Russia

    L. V. Smolyaninova, A. A. Shiyan, G. V. Maksimov & S. N. Orlov

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  1. L. V. Smolyaninova
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  2. A. A. Shiyan
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  3. G. V. Maksimov
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  4. S. N. Orlov
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Correspondence to L. V. Smolyaninova.

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Translated by E. Puchkov

Abbreviations: AMPAR, AMPA receptors; AP, action potential; APV, aminophosphovaleric acid; CaM, calmodulin; CaV, voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels; CIRC, calcium-induced release of calcium; CNQX, cyanquinoxalin; CP-AMPAR, Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptors; EPR, endoplasmic reticulum; ETC, excitation–transcription coupling; IAS, initial axon segments; IEG, immediate early genes; InsP3R, inositol-3-phosphate receptors; LTD, long-term depression; LTP, long-term potentiation; KATP, ATP-sensitive K+ channels; KCa, Ca2+-activated K+ channels; KNa, Na+-activated K+ channels; KV, voltage-dependent K+ channels; MP, membrane potential; NaV, voltage-dependent Na+ channels; NCX, Na+/Ca2+ exchanger; NMDAR, NMDA receptors; PMCA, plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase; RP, resting potential; RyR, ryanodine receptors; SERCA, endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase.

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Smolyaninova, L.V., Shiyan, A.A., Maksimov, G.V. et al. Contribution of Monovalent (Na+ and K+) and Divalent (Ca2+) Ions to the Mechanisms of Synaptic Plasticity. Biochem. Moscow Suppl. Ser. A 15, 1–20 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1990747820050062

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1990747820050062

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