Abstract—
Modern pharmaceutics aims at creating new drugs with high bioavailability, biocompatibility and efficiency, as well as minimally toxic effects. One of the ways to reach this goal is to create nanosized particles that carry a small but sufficient dose of a medicinal drug. The diversity of nanoscale delivery systems allows designing therapeutic complexes with necessary characteristics. Liposomes are lipid vesicles with a bilayer membrane possessing the properties required for transportation of various drugs and genes. They consist of natural components, which can minimize cytotoxicity. In addition, the creation of artificial cationic lipids makes it possible to adjust the properties of delivery systems to particular purposes. Cerasomes are organosilicon particles that have been developed to overcome the low stability of liposomes. These are nanoscale spherical aggregates consisting, like liposomes, of a lipid bilayer, but their surface is modified by a silicone polymer network. Cerasomes have all advantages of liposomes. This review presents basic methods for the synthesis of liposome components and cerasome-forming lipids to create stable delivery systems. Different variants of cationic lipid structures and modifications of cerasome-forming lipids are presented. Potential areas of their application are described, including gene transfection, photodynamic therapy, visualization and diagnosis of diseases using magnetic resonance, and tumor treatment.
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The work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 19-04-00775).
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Denieva, Z.G., Budanova, U.A. & Sebyakin, Y.L. Vesicle Delivery Systems of Biologically Active Compounds: From Liposomes to Cerasomes. Biochem. Moscow Suppl. Ser. A 15, 21–35 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1990747820050049
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1990747820050049