Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Specific Features of the Reflection of Whistler Electromagnetic Waves, Incident on the Ionosphere from Above, in Day- and Nighttime Conditions

  • Published:
Cosmic Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A numerical solution of the wave equations for whistler electromagnetic waves incident on the ionosphere from above is obtained. For the calculations, we used a matrix algorithm for the approximate solution of wave equations in a stratified smoothly inhomogeneous medium and the collocation method for solving the boundary problem. Dependences of reflection coefficients R are obtained and analyzed on the frequency and angle of incidence of the wave for different seasons and time of day. At night, for waves with frequencies from 1 to 10 kHz, the values of R vary from 0.1 to 0.7. In daytime conditions, the value of R, on average, is two orders of magnitude lower and does not exceed 0.04. The smallest values of the reflection coefficient are associated with waves, the reflection of which occurs in the region of strong attenuation at heights of 80–110 km. The results obtained explain the specific features of the conditions for the excitation of the plasma magnetospheric maser.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 6.

Similar content being viewed by others

REFERENCES

  1. Wait, J.R., Electromagnetic Waves in Stratified Media, New York: Pergamon, 1970.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  2. Bossy, L., Wave propagation in stratified anisotropic media, J. Geophys., 1979, vol. 46, pp. 1–14.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Nygrén, N.T., A simple method for obtaining reflection and transmission coefficients and fields for an electromagnetic wave in a horizontally stratified ionosphere, Planet. Space Sci., 1981, vol. 29, no. 5, pp. 521–528.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  4. Budden, K.G., The Propagation of Radio Waves: The Theory of Radio Waves of Low Power in the Ionosphere and Magnetosphere, Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1985.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  5. Yagitani, S., Nagano, I., Miyamura, K., and Kimura, I., Full wave calculation of ELF/VLF propagation from a dipole source located in the lower ionosphere, Radio Sci., 1994, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 39–54. https://doi.org/10.1029/93RS01728

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. Nagano, I., Miyamura, K., Yagitani, S., et al., Full wave calculation method of VLF wave radiated from a dipole antenna in the ionosphere—analysis of joint experiment by HIPAS and Akebono satellite, Electr. Commun. Jpn. Commun., 1994, vol. 77, no. 11, pp. 59–71. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecja.4410771106

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Bespalov, P.A. and Mizonova, V.G., Reflection coefficient of whistler mode waves normally incident on the ionosphere, Geomagn. Aeron. (Engl. Transl.), 2004, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 49–53.

  8. Bespalov, P.A. and Mizonova, V.G., Features of whistling electromagnetic wave propagation descending from above upon the night ionosphere, Cosmic Res., 2018, vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 26–31.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  9. Shklyar, D.R. and Kuzichev, I.V., Full-wave description of the lower hybrid reflection of whistler waves, Plasma Phys. Rep., 2013, vol. 39, no. 10, pp. 795–808.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. Nygrén, T., A method of full wave analysis with improved stability, Planet. Space Sci., 1982, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 427–430. https://doi.org/10.1016/0032-0633(82)90048-4

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  11. Bespalov, P.A., Mizonova, V.G., and Savina, O.N., Reflection from and transmission through the ionosphere of VLF electromagnetic waves incident from the mid-latitude magnetosphere, J. Atmos. Sol.-Terr. Phys., 2018, vol. 175, pp. 40–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2018.04.018

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  12. Lehtinen, N.G. and Inan, U.S., Radiation of ELF/VLF waves by harmonically varying currents into a stratified ionosphere with application to radiation by a modulated electrojet, J. Geophys. Res., 2008, vol. 113, A06301. https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JA012911

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  13. Kuzichev, I.V. and Shklyar, D.R., On full-wave solution for VLF waves in the near-Earth space, J. Atmos. Sol.-Terr. Phys., 2010, vol. 72, pp. 1044–1056. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2010.06.008

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  14. Kierzenka, J. and Shampine, L.F., A BVP solver based on residual control and the Matlab PSE, ACM Trans. Math. Software, 2001, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 299–316.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  15. Mizonova, V.G., Matrix algorithm of approximate solution of wave equations in inhomogeneous magnetoactive plasma, Plasma Phys. Rep., 2019, vol. 45, no. 8, pp. 777–785. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063780X19070080

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  16. Manninen, J., Kleimenova, N.G., Kozyreva, O.V., et al., Experimental evidence of the simultaneous occurrence of VLF chorus on the ground in the global azimuthal scale—from pre-midnight to the late morning, Ann. Geophys., 2012, vol. 30, pp. 725–732. https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-30-725-2012

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  17. Bespalov, P.A. and Trakhtengerts, V.Yu., Al’fvenovskie mazery (Alfvén Masers), Gor’kii: IPF AN SSSR, 1986.

  18. Shafranov, V.D., Electromagnetic waves in plasma, in Voprosy teorii plazmy (Problems in Plasma Theory), Moscow: Atomizdat, 1963, vol. 3, pp. 3–140.

  19. Bilitza, D. and Reinisch, B., International Reference Ionosphere 2007: Improvements and new parameters, J. Adv. Space Res., 2008, vol. 42, pp. 599–609. https://doi.org/10.1029/2007SW000359

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  20. Semenova, V.I. and Trakhtengerts, V.Yu., On some peculiarities of waveguide propagation of low-frequency waves in the magnetosphere, Geomagn. Aeron., 1980, vol. 10, no. 6, pp. 1021–1027.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  21. Němec, F., Santolík, O., Parrot, M., et al., Conjugate observations of quasi-periodic emissions by Cluster and DEMETER spacecraft, J. Geophys Res.: Space Phys., 2013, vol. 118, pp. 198–208. https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JA018380

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  22. Manninen, J., Kleimenova, N.G., Kozyreva, O.V., et al., Non-typical ground-based quasi-periodic VLF emissions observed at L 5.3 under quiet geomagnetic conditions at night, J. Atmos. Sol.-Terr. Phys., 2013, vol. 99, pp. 123–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2012.05.007

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  23. Titova, E.E., Kozelov, B.V., Demekhov, A.G., et al., Identification of the source of quasiperiodic VLF emissions using ground-based and Van Allen probes satellite observations, Geophys. Res. Lett., 2015, vol. 42, pp. 6137–6145. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL064911

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  24. Bespalov, P.A., Self-modulation of radiation of a plasma cyclotron maser, JETP Lett., 1981, vol. 33, no. 4, pp. 182–185.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

Research by V.G. Mizonova and P.A. Bespalov (Sections 3–5) was funded by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 20-02-00206A). Research by P.A. Bespalov (sections 1, 2, and 6) was supported by a grant from the Russian Science Foundation (project no. 20-12-00268). Numerical calculations were performed within the framework of state assignment no. 0035-2019-0002.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University (Minin University), Nizhny Novgorod, Russia

    V. G. Mizonova

  2. National Research University Higher School of Economics, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia

    V. G. Mizonova

  3. Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Science, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia

    P. A. Bespalov

Authors
  1. V. G. Mizonova
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. P. A. Bespalov
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to V. G. Mizonova.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Mizonova, V.G., Bespalov, P.A. Specific Features of the Reflection of Whistler Electromagnetic Waves, Incident on the Ionosphere from Above, in Day- and Nighttime Conditions. Cosmic Res 59, 15–23 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0010952521010068

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0010952521010068

Search

Navigation