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Impression of Celestial Being (Deva) on Human Beings in Jainism

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Abstract

Jainism is essentially a spiritual philosophy having a strong focus on the ultimate purification of the soul (ātmā). A human being usually when fails to understand things, when sorrows attack, etc., then he attributes to memorize the deva (celestial being) to seek help. Man can be guided both correctly and incorrectly by the deva and can establish a new system in a society that can be both in a positive form and a negative form. Thus, this involvement of deva in human life brings change in his culture, behavior, spirituality, etc. There is a lot of misunderstanding about deva. In Jain literature, it is mentioned as the difference between Arhat (Supreme Divine) and deva (celestial being), which will help the man to move in the right direction. In various positive and negative ways, a human is affected by deva, in the past and the present.

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Notes

  1. Yogaśāstra, by Hemchandrasuri, Jain Sahitya Vikas Mandal, Mumbai, 1977, 2.4.

  2. Tattvārtha Bhāṣyānusāriṇī Ṭīkā, by Sidhasengani, Ed. Hiralal Jain, Devcandra Lalabhai Jain Pustakodhar, part 1 and 2, 1926 and 1930, 4.1.

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  8. Ibid., p. 272.

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  42. Illuatrated UpāsakaDaśā and Anuttaraupapātic Daśā Sūtra, Ed. Amar Muni, PrakitBharti Acadmey, Jaipur, edn. 1st 2000, 2006.

  43. Ibid.

    Illustrated Jnātā dharma kathāṅga sūtra, Ed. Amar Muni, (Original Text with Hindi and English Translation), Eng. Trans. Surendra Bothra, Padma Prakashan, Narela Mandi, Delhi, part 1, 1996, pp. 350–352.

  44. Illustraded Antakṛd-DaśāSūtra, Ed. Amar Muni, Padma Prakashan, Delhi, 1993, pp. 77.

  45. Ṭhāṇaṃ, op. cit.

  46. Illustrated Jnātā dharma kathāṅga sūtra, Ed. Amar Muni, (Original Text with Hindi and English Translation), Eng. Trans. Surendra Bothra, Padma Prakashan, Narela Mandi, Delhi, part 1, 1996, p. 54.

  47. Triśaṣtiśāalakapuruṣacarita, Hemchandra Suri, Prakrit Bharati Academy, part 1, 1989, verse 23–250.

  48. Illustrated Jnātā dharma kathāṅga sūtra, Ed. Amar Muni, (Original Text with Hindi and English Translation), Eng. Trans. Surendra Bothra, Padma Prakashan, Narela Mandi, Delhi, part 2, 1997.

  49. Uttarajjhayaṇāṇi, Synod Ācārya Tulsī, Ed. Ācārya Mahāprajña, with text & Sanskrit commentary, Hindi translation, Jain Vishva Bharati, Ladnun, 5th edn., 2006, 6.3.

  50. Bhagavaī (Aṅgasuttāṇi), Synod by Ācārya Tulsī, Ed. Muni Nathmal, with original text, critically edited, Jain Vishva Bharati, Ladnun, Vol. II, 1st edn., 1974, 20.74.

  51. Triśaṣtiśāalakapuruṣacarita, Hemchandra Suri, Prakrit Bharati Academy, part 1, 1989, verse- 6.

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  1. Department of Jainology and Comparative Religion and Philosophy, Jain Vishva Bharati Institute (Deemed University), Parmarthik Shikshan Santha, 7th Street, Ladnun, India

    Samani Amal Pragya & Sonam Jain

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Pragya, S.A., Jain, S. Impression of Celestial Being (Deva) on Human Beings in Jainism. J. Indian Counc. Philos. Res. 37, 207–224 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40961-020-00196-5

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