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Construction of Gendered Meanings in the Imaginary Play of Preschool Children in Saudi Arabia

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Abstract

This study explores the ways in which a group of preschool children enacted gendered social and occupational roles in their imaginary play. The research question interrogates the ways children reproduce or produce new meanings about the social and occupational roles of being boys and girls during unstructured play in the play-house corner in a preschool classroom. Data were collected through fieldnotes, photographs, and audio records and transcriptions of children’s play narratives over a period of five months in a preschool setting in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The analyses discussed in this paper focus on three selected play episodes in which five preschool children constructed and negotiated their understanding of various social and occupational roles in their everyday experiences. The selected play narratives portray children’s awareness of the acceptable and recognizable gendered practices in their cultural world. Children’s understanding of the interdependence between gender and social and occupational roles is present across their storylines and performance. The children recognized the social positioning of gender. They also challenged existing gender norms through subtle ways, particularly disguise.

Résumé

Cette étude explore comment un groupe d’enfants du préscolaire a joué des rôles sociaux et professionnels genrés dans son jeu imaginaire. La question de cette recherche examine les façons dont les enfants reproduisent ou produisent de nouvelles significations sur les rôles sociaux et professionnels d’être garçons et filles, en période de jeu non structuré dans le coin de jeu de la maison d’une classe de maternelle. Les données ont été recueillies par des notes de terrain, des photographies, des enregistrements audio et des transcriptions de récits de jeux d’enfants sur une période de cinq mois dans un cadre préscolaire de Riyad en Arabie saoudite. Les analyses présentées dans cet article se concentrent sur une sélection de trois épisodes de jeux au cours desquels cinq enfants du préscolaire ont construit et négocié leur compréhension de divers rôles sociaux et professionnels dans leurs expériences quotidiennes. Les récits de jeux sélectionnés illustrent la conscience qu’ont les enfants des pratiques genrées acceptables et reconnaissables dans leur monde culturel. La compréhension par les enfants de l’interdépendance entre le genre et les rôles sociaux et professionnels est présente dans l’ensemble de leurs scénarios et de leurs performances. Les enfants reconnaissaient le positionnement social du genre. Ils remettaient également en question les normes de genre existantes par des moyens subtils, notamment par le déguisement.

Resumen

El presente estudio explora la forma en que un grupo de niños de preescolar materializó los papeles sociales y ocupacionales de género en su juego imaginario. La pregunta de investigación explora la forma en que los preescolares reproducen o producen nuevos significados sobre los papeles sociales y ocupacionales de niños y niñas durante el juego libre en la esquina de juego en un salón de preescolar. Se recolectó información mediante notas de campo, fotografías y grabaciones de audio, así como transcripciones de las narrativas de juego de los niños durante un período de cinco meses en una escuela de preescolar en Riyadh, Arabia Saudita. Los análisis que aquí se presentan se enfocan en tres episodios seleccionados en los que cinco niños de preescolar construyeron y negociaron su comprensión de varios papeles sociales y ocupaciones en sus experiencias cotidianas. Las narrativas seleccionadas ilustran la conciencia de los niños sobre prácticas aceptables y reconocibles de género en su mundo cultural. La comprensión de los niños de la interdependencia entre género y papeles sociales y ocupacionales se evidencia en sus historias y desempeño. Los niños reconocieron la posición social de género. A su vez, retaron las normas actuales de género mediante formas discretas, en especial mediante el disfraz.

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Acknowledgements

I would like to acknowledge the Ministry of Education in Saudi Arabia for their financial fund.

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Correspondence to Nazeeha Khoja.

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Khoja, N. Construction of Gendered Meanings in the Imaginary Play of Preschool Children in Saudi Arabia. IJEC 52, 1–16 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13158-020-00260-w

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