Synthesis of fused tetrazolo[1,5-b]pyridazine-based energetic compounds

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Abstract

In this study, the synthesis and properties of 6-nitramino-7-nitro-8-aminotetrazolo[1,5-b]pyridazine (1) and its alkali metal salts (26) were presented. The hydrolysis of 6-nitramino and 8-amino from 1 was occurred at the specified conditions, which generated a series of alkali metal salts of 6-nitramino-7-nitro-8-hydroxy-tetrazolo[1,5-b]pyridazine (7, 12) and 6-amino-7-nitro-8-hydroxy-tetrazolo [1,5-b]pyridazine (8-11). Their structures were characterized by SXRD, IR, EA, HRMS and NMR, respectively. The thermal stability was investigated by using DTA and TGA techniques. On the basis of ΔfH and ρ, the detonation performances (vD and p) were calculated using EXPLO5 software. The mechanical sensitivities (IS, FS) were also measured. The results show that compounds 1–12 display good thermal stability (Td ​> ​175 ​°C), high energy level (vD ​> ​6700 ​m ​s−1) and low sensitivities (IS ​≥ ​18 ​J) as promising energetic materials.

Graphical abstract

Alkali-influenced H-bonds keeping or breaking leads to three types of fused tetrazolo[1,5-b]pyridazine-based energetic compounds.

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Keywords

Tetrazolo-pyridazine
Fused ring
Alkali metal
Synthesis
Crystal structure

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Qinghua Zhang was received his Ph.D. at the Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP) in 2008, under the supervision of Prof. Youquan Deng. From 2010 to 2012, he worked in the group of Prof. Francois Jérôme as a CNRS associate researcher at the University of Poitiers, France. From 2012 to 2013, he joined the group of Prof. Jean’ne M. Shreeve as a postdoctoral fellow at the University of Idaho, ID. Since 2014, he has worked as a professor in the Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP). His research interests mainly focus on energetic ionic liquids and high energy-density materials.

Sitong Chen received his Ph.D. at Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT) in 2018, under the supervision of Prof. Tonglai Zhang. From 2018 to 2020, he worked in the group of Prof. Qinghua Zhang as a postdoctoral fellow at Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP). Since 2020, he has worked as an assistant research fellow in the Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP). His research interests mainly focus on low-sensitivity high-energy energetic materials and energetic coordination compounds. E-mail address: [email protected]