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Nanocrystalline Zn2SnO4/SnO2: Crystal structure and humidity influence on complex impedance

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Abstract

Nanocrystalline Zn2SnO4/SnO2 powder was obtained by a solid state reaction of ZnO and SnO2 nanopowders mixed in the molar ratio 1:1. The phase composition of the obtained powder was studied by XRD and Raman spectroscopy, morphology and texture were characterized by FESEM, TEM, BET and Hg porosimetry, while XPS and FTIR spectroscopy were used to determine the surface chemistry. The influence of humidity on complex impedance was monitored on bulk samples in the relative humidity (RH) range 30–90% in a climatic chamber in the frequency range 42 Hz- 1 MHz at working temperatures of 25 and 50 °C. Change in RH had a significant influence on impedance reduction, especially noticeable in the lower frequency range, indicating potential application of this nanocomposite as a humidity sensing material. Increase in RH led to an increase in AC conductivity that changed with frequency according to the Jonscher power law. The frequency exponent decreased with increase in RH and sample temperature indicating that the correlated hopping barrier model is the dominant conduction mechanism. Complex impedance was analyzed using an equivalent circuit consisting of a parallel resistance and constant phase element, showing the dominant influence of grain boundaries at both working temperatures (25 and 50 °C). The resistance decreased, while the capacitance and relaxation frequency increased with increase in RH. At high humidity an added Wartburg element enabled modeling of the charge diffusion process.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to express their gratitude to Jugoslav Krstic for Nitrogen adsorption/desorption measurements, BET analysis and Hg porosimetry measurement. MVN, NJL, VPP, SM, MDL, NBT, JDV and VBP acknowledge the support of the Ministry for Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia with contracts for realization and financing scientific research with the Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University od Belgrade, no 451-03-68/202-14/200053 (MVN, MDL), no 451-03-68/202-14/200175 (NJL, SM, JVD).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia

    Maria Vesna Nikolic & Miloljub D. Lukovic

  2. Institute of Technical Sciences of SASA, Belgrade, Serbia

    Nebojsa J. Labus, Smilja Markovic & Jelena D. Vujancevic

  3. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia

    Vera P. Pavlovic

  4. Faculty of Physics, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia

    Nenad B. Tadic

  5. North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, 27707, USA

    Branislav Vlahovic

  6. Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Zemun, Belgrade, Serbia

    Vladimir B. Pavlovic

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  1. Maria Vesna Nikolic
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Nikolic, M.V., Labus, N.J., Pavlovic, V.P. et al. Nanocrystalline Zn2SnO4/SnO2: Crystal structure and humidity influence on complex impedance. J Electroceram 45, 135–147 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10832-021-00232-z

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