Abstract
Okisaka et al. (2017) investigated the eigen-distribution for multi-branching trees weighted with (a,b) on correlated distributions, which is a weak version of Saks and Wigderson’s (1986) weighted trees. In the present work, we concentrate on the studies of eigen-distribution for multi-branching weighted trees on independent distributions. In particular, we generalize our previous results in Peng et al. (Inform Process Lett 125:41–45, 2017) to weighted trees where the cost of querying each leaf is associated with the leaf and its Boolean value. For a multi-branching weighted tree, we define a directional algorithm and show it is optimal among all the depth-first algorithms with respect to the given independent distribution. For some balanced multi-branching trees weighted with (a,b) on the assumption 0 < r < 1 (r is the probability that the root has value 0), we further prove that if an independent distribution d achieves the distributional complexity, then d turns out to be an independent and identical distribution.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Greiner R, Hayward R, Jankowska M, Molloy M (2006) Finding optimal satisficing strategies for and-or trees. Artif Intell 170(1):19–58
Knuth D E, Moore R W (1975) An analysis of alpha-beta pruning. Artif Intell 6(4):293–326
Liu C G, Tanaka K (2007a) Eigen-distribution on random assignments for game trees. Inform Process Lett 104(2):73–77
Liu CG, Tanaka K (2007b) The computational complexity of game trees by eigen-distribution. In: Proceeding of 1st International Conference on COCOA. Springer, pp 323–334
Okisaka S, Peng W, Li W, Tanaka K (2017) The eigen-distribution of weighted game trees. In: Proceeding of 11th Annual International Conference on COCOA. Springer, pp 286–297
Pearl J (1980) Asymptotic properties of minimax trees and game-searching procedures. Artif Intell 14(2):113–138
Peng W, Okisaka S, Li W, Tanaka K (2016) The uniqueness of eigen-distribution under non-directional algorithms. IAENG Int J Comput Sci 43(3):318–325
Peng W, Peng N, Ng K, Tanaka K, Yang Y (2017) Optimal depth-first algorithms and equilibria of independent distributions on multi-branching trees. Inform Process Lett 125:41–45
Saks M, Wigderson A (1986) Probabilistic Boolean decision trees and the complexity of evaluating game trees. In: Proceeding of 27th Annual IEEE Symposium on FOCS. Springer, pp. 29–38
Suzuki T (2018) Non-depth-first search against independent distributions on an AND-OR tree. Inform Process Lett 139:13–17
Suzuki T, Nakamura R (2012) The Eigen distribution of an AND-OR tree under directional algorithms. IAENG Int J Appl Math 42(2):122–128
Suzuki T, Niida Y (2015) Equilibrium points of an AND-OR tree: under constraints on probability. Ann Pure Appl Logic 166(11):1150–1164
Tarsi M (1983) Optimal search on some game trees. J ACM 30 (3):389–396
Yao ACC (1977) Probabilistic computations: toward a unified measure of complexity. In: Proceeding 18th Annual IEEE Symposium on FOCS. Springer, pp 222–227
Funding
This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China Grant Number 11701438 and by Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities SWU118128, and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(WUT:2019IB011). Also supported by the JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers 26540001.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
There was an equal amount of contributions from all three authors. All authors read and approved the manuscript.
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Peng, W., Peng, N. & Tanaka, K. The Eigen-Distribution for Multi-Branching Weighted Trees on Independent Distributions. Methodol Comput Appl Probab 24, 277–287 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11009-021-09849-7
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11009-021-09849-7