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A class of protocols for multi-party quantum private comparison based on traveling mode

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Abstract

Multi-party quantum private comparison (MQPC) enables \(n (n\ge 2)\) parties to compare the equality of their private secrets without leaking them. In this paper, a class of MQPC protocols are proposed based on single-particle states and maximally entangled states. With the help of a semi-honest third party, our protocols can compare the equality of n parties’ private secrets. Our protocol uses single-particle states and a class of maximally entangled states as the information carriers, which means that our protocol has flexibility in the selection of quantum states compared with all previous protocols; after all, each of the previous protocols only uses a specific quantum state. In addition, our protocols adopt traveling mode, which can significantly reduce resource consumption. What is more, the qubit efficiency of each of our protocols can reach 100%, which is much higher than that of all previous MQPC protocols. We show that our protocols are secure against the outside and participant attacks.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. U1636106, 61671087 and 61962009), the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality(Grant No. 4182006), and the Fund of the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. 2019XD-A02).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing University of Posts Telecommunications, Beijing, 100876, China

    Ye Chongqiang & Li Jian

  2. School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi’an, 710127, China

    Cao Zheng-wen

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  1. Ye Chongqiang
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  2. Li Jian
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  3. Cao Zheng-wen
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Correspondence to Li Jian.

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Appendix

Appendix

See Tables 1, 2, 3 and 4.

Table 1 The relationship of single particle and unitary operation
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Table 2 The relationship of Bell state and unitary operation
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Table 3 The relationship of GHZ state and unitary operation
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Table 4 Comparison between our protocols and the similar MQPC protocols
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Chongqiang, Y., Jian, L. & Zheng-wen, C. A class of protocols for multi-party quantum private comparison based on traveling mode. Quantum Inf Process 20, 56 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11128-020-02986-x

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