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Geochemical constrains on pyroxenites from Aniyapuram Mafic–Ultramafic Complex, Cauvery Suture Zone, southern India: Suprasubduction zone origin

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Abstract

The Aniyapuram Mafic and Ultramafic Complex (AMUC) is a dismembered ophiolite of Neoarchean to Paleoproterozoic age, exposed in south-central part of the Cauvery Suture Zone (CSZ), Southern Granulite Terrane (SGT), India. The complex comprises ultramafic rocks like serpentinized peridotites of harzburgite variety and pyroxenites of websterite variety along with metagabbros, amphibolites, plagiogranites and metacherts. The pyroxenites in the complex occur in the form of dykes, veins and lenses in association with serpentinized peridotites and metagabbros. The chemical compositions of olivine from the peridotites show a moderate forsterite content (Fo88–87) and spinels are enriched in aluminum (Al2O3 > 60 wt%) with depletion of Cr contents (Cr# < 0.5). The pyroxenites are composed of orthopyroxenes with dominance of clinopyroxene and sulphide occurrences (up to 62 wt% S) along the grain boundaries of pyroxenes. The whole rock geochemistry of these pyoxenites shows enrichment of LILE and depletion of HFSE with negative Nb anomalies on N-MORB and primitive normalization. The mineral chemistry of clinopyroxenes from the pyroxenites shows tholeiitic in nature with high Mg# ratios [Mg/(Mg + Fe) = 0.70–0.88]. These mineral chemistry results together with whole rock chemistry reveal their origin in Island arc setting of supra-subduction zone (SSZ) tectonics possibly evolved by the interaction of subduction derived fluids of host serpentinized peridotites. The estimated two-pyroxene thermobarometry of these pyroxenites represents varied re-equilibrium temperatures of 820–980°C and medium to slightly high pressures of 10–12 kbar. With the available age relationship from the complex, the study supports as a strong evidence for the occurrence of Neoarchean to Paleoproterozoic suprasubduction tectonics and associated lithologies of formation in the terrane.

Highlights

  • The ultramafic rocks of Aniyapuram Mafic-Ultramafic Complex (AMUC) from the Cauvery Suture Zone include peridotites of harzburgite variety and pyroxenites of websterite variety.

  • The peridotites contain aluminum rich spinels with low Cr# values.

  • The whole rock and mineral chemistry of pyroxenites represent their origin in Island arc setting of suprasubduction zone tectonics.

  • The estimated two-pyroxene thermobarometry of pyroxenites represents re-equilibrium temperatures of 820–980°C and 10–12 kbar pressures.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to Director, CSIR-NGRI, Hyderabad for providing facilities, encouragement and permission to publish this paper. We are thankful to our colleagues Dr Khesav Krishna, Dr E V S S K Babu, Dr T Vijaya Kumar, Ms S Manju, NGRI, Hyderabad and University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan for providing XRF, ICPMS and EPMA data. Special thanks to Dr T R K Chetty, Dr V Venkatasivappa and Prof M Santosh for providing valuable inputs and several discussions. The authors are also thankful to two anonymous reviewers for their kind suggestions and comments to improve the manuscript. This work forms a part of Department of Science and Technology, Government of India, sponsored Project Ref: EEQ/2018/001004.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad, 500 007, India

    T Yellappa

  2. Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan

    T Koizumi & T Tsunogae

  3. Department of Geology, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa

    T Tsunogae

Authors
  1. T Yellappa
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  2. T Koizumi
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  3. T Tsunogae
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Contributions

Field work has been carried out jointly by the all three authors. The petrography, whole rock-mineral chemistry analysis and data interpretations have been carried out by the first author and some parts of mineral chemistry and petrography carried out by the second and third authors. The manuscript has been written by the first and third authors.

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Correspondence to T Yellappa.

Additional information

Communicated by Rajneesh Bhutani

Supplementary material pertaining to this article is available on the Journal of Earth System Science website (http://www.ias.ac.in/Journals/Journal_of_Earth_System_Science).

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Yellappa, T., Koizumi, T. & Tsunogae, T. Geochemical constrains on pyroxenites from Aniyapuram Mafic–Ultramafic Complex, Cauvery Suture Zone, southern India: Suprasubduction zone origin. J Earth Syst Sci 130, 11 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-020-01516-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-020-01516-8

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