Abstract
The breeding of winter wheat was carried out using conventional technology in the Rostov Federal Agrarian Research Center in 2014–2019. It took place in the chernozem (black earth) steppe under the conditions of a severely continental climate with insufficient and unstable humidity. It is demonstrated that yield stability in a wide range of environments becomes possible due to creating the environmental plasticity margin against the basic stress factors when trait values approach a limit in the region (76–88% of plants must survive with a temperature of –18°С at the tillering node, 75–82% after ice crust, 76–78% after May frosts, etc.). The selection markers under droughts, including grain weight per plant, harvest index, aboveground mass, and function of leaves in photosynthesis, have been identified. They enable one to clearly focus on populations and to reveal the required recombinants. Methods have been established to create selectable genetic variation in all breeding directions, which allows the approved program to be implemented. The breeding technology for the purpose of achieving trait transgressions has been proven. Based on the obtained results, the next-generation varieties, such as Bylina Dona, Akapella, Pafos, and Pal’mira 18, have been developed. The degree of their environmental plasticity has been determined.
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Grabovets, A.I., Fomenko, M.A. Yield Stability in a Wide Range of Environments as a Primary Parameter in Winter Wheat Breeding. Russ. Agricult. Sci. 46, 539–544 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068367420060075
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068367420060075