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Comparative Effectiveness of Potential Elicitors of Soybean Plant Resistance Against Spodoptera Littoralis and Their Effects on Secondary Metabolites and Antioxidant Defense System

Vergleichende Wirksamkeit potenzieller Auslöser von Sojabohnenpflanzenresistenz gegen Spodoptera littoralis und ihre Auswirkungen auf Sekundärmetaboliten und das antioxidative Abwehrsystem

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Abstract

Cotton leaf worm (Spodoptera littoralis) is considered one of the most destructive agricultural pests in Egypt. It is overcome by the producer by using chemical pesticides, but that leads to the appearance of new generations and causes environmental pollution. So in the present investigation six soybean genotypes (Giza-82, Giza 22, Giza 83, Giza 21, Giza 35 and Giza 111) were planted under natural infection with cotton leaf worm. The effect of two elicitors, methyl jasmonate (20 µM MeJA) and sodium nitroprusside (500 µM SNP) on the six soybean genotypes was studied to enhance the ability of the susceptible genotypes to resist cotton leaf worm. Results showed that Giza 35 and Giza 111 showed tolerance performance under natural infection compared to Giza 22 and Giza 82 as sensitive ones, while Giza 83 and Giza 21 showed moderate tolerance. Treatments with MeJA and SNP positively affected contents of secondary metabolites (phenol, flavonoid and tannin), non-enzymatic antioxidants (anthocyanin, tocopherol and ascorbic acid) and enzymatic antioxidants (catalase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and Guaiacol peroxidase) in shoots of all soybean genotypes. Treatment with MeJA was found to be more effective than SNP and enhanced the resistance of the susceptible genotypes. In conclusion, treatment of soybean plants with MeJA and SNP would be effective enhancing the ability of these plants to resists cotton leaf worm infection and increased secondary metabolites and antioxidants responsible for plant defense.

Zusammenfassung

Der Baumwollblattwurm (Spodoptera littoralis) gilt als einer der zerstörerischsten landwirtschaftlichen Schädlinge in Ägypten. Er wird vom Erzeuger durch den Einsatz chemischer Pestizide bekämpft, was jedoch zum Auftreten neuer Generationen führt und Umweltverschmutzung verursacht. In der vorliegenden Untersuchung wurden daher sechs Sojabohnen-Genotypen (Giza 82, Giza 22, Giza 83, Giza 21, Giza 35 und Giza 111) unter natürlichem Befall mit dem Baumwollblattwurm angepflanzt. Die Wirkung von zwei Elicitoren, Methyljasmonat (20 µM MeJA) und Natrium-Nitroprussid (500 µM SNP), auf die sechs Sojabohnen-Genotypen wurde untersucht, um die Resistenzfähigkeit der anfälligen Genotypen gegen den Baumwollblattwurm zu erhöhen. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass Giza 35 und Giza 111 unter natürlicher Infektion eine Toleranzleistung zeigten und Giza 22 und Giza 82 als empfindlich eingestuft wurden, während Giza 83 und Giza 21 eine moderate Toleranz zeigten. Behandlungen mit MeJA und SNP wirkten sich positiv auf den Gehalt an Sekundärmetaboliten (Phenol, Flavonoid und Tannin), nicht-enzymatischen Antioxidantien (Anthocyan, Tocopherol und Ascorbinsäure) und enzymatischen Antioxidantien (Katalase, Peroxidase, Polyphenoloxidase und Guaiacol-Peroxidase) in den Trieben aller Sojabohnen-Genotypen aus. Die Behandlung mit MeJA erwies sich als effektiver als SNP und erhöhte die Resistenz der anfälligen Genotypen. Zusammenfassend lässt sich sagen, dass die Behandlung von Sojapflanzen mit MeJA und SNP die Fähigkeit dieser Pflanzen, einer Infektion mit dem Baumwollblattwurm entgegenzuwirken, wirksam verbessert und die für die Pflanzenabwehr verantwortlichen Sekundärmetaboliten und Antioxidantien erhöht.

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  1. Biological and Geological Sciences Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, El Makres St. Roxy, 1575, Cairo, Egypt

    Heba I. Mohamed, Abdel Haleem M. A. Mohammed, Laila M. Zaky & Asmaa M. Mogazy

  2. Food Technology Research, Agriculture Research Centre, Giza, Egypt

    Neven M. Mohamed

  3. Field Crops Research Inst., Agriculture Research Centre, Giza, Egypt

    Naglaa A. Ashry

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Correspondence to Heba I. Mohamed.

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H.I. Mohamed, A.H.M.A. Mohammed, N.M. Mohamed, N.A. Ashry, L.M. Zaky and A.M. Mogazy declare that they have no competing interests.

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Mohamed, H.I., Mohammed, A.H.M.A., Mohamed, N.M. et al. Comparative Effectiveness of Potential Elicitors of Soybean Plant Resistance Against Spodoptera Littoralis and Their Effects on Secondary Metabolites and Antioxidant Defense System. Gesunde Pflanzen 73, 273–285 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-021-00546-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-021-00546-6

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