Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-m8qmq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-19T19:56:00.725Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Lithocalla (Ascomycota, Lecanorales), a new genus of leprose lichens containing usnic acid

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2021

Alan Orange Open the ORCID record for Alan Orange [Opens in a new window]
Alan Orange*
Affiliation:
Natural Sciences, Amgueddfa Cymru - National Museum Wales, CardiffCF10 3NP, UK
*
Author for correspondence: Alan Orange. E-mail: alan.orange@museumwales.ac.uk
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The identity of Lecanora ecorticata has been uncertain due to conflicting reports of the presence of zeorin and the loss of the holotype. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that the species probably belongs in Ramalinaceae, where it is the first leprose species reported. Zeorin was found to be absent in recently collected material of L. ecorticata, including specimens from the type locality, and the report of zeorin in the lost holotype is considered to be due to contamination. A new genus, Lithocalla, is erected to accommodate L. ecorticata and a second closely related species, that occurs in the Falkland Islands, is newly combined as Lithocalla malouina. A lectotype is selected for L. ecorticata. Lithocalla is characterized by a leprose thallus containing usnic acid with fatty acids and terpenoids, but no zeorin; ascomata and conidiomata are unknown.

Keywords

Falkland IslandsNorwaysterile crustsusnic acid
Type
Standard Papers
Information
The Lichenologist , Volume 52 , Issue 6 , November 2020 , pp. 425 - 435
Check for updates
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the British Lichen Society

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Aptroot, A, Jordaens, D, Sparrius, L, Spier, L and van den Broeck, D (2007) Korstmossen in Finistère (Bretagne). Buxbaumiella, 78, 52–64.Google Scholar
Bajpai, R, Upreti, DK and Nayaka, S (2018) The lichen genera Lepraria (Stereocaulaceae) and Leprocaulon (Leprocaulaceae) in India. Phytotaxa 356, 101–116.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bayerová, Š and Kukwa, M (2004) New records of leprarioid lichens in the Czech Republic. Biologia, Bratislava 59, 19–23.Google Scholar
Boch, S and Sparrius, LB (2006) Neue und interessante Flechtenfunde aus den Landkreisen Lüneburg und Lüchow-Dannenberg (Nordost-Neidersachsen, Deutschland). Herzogia 19, 77–83.Google Scholar
Bungartz, F, Hillmann, G, Klaus, K and Elix, JA (2013) Leprose and leproid lichens of the Galapagos, with a particular focus on Lepraria (Stereocaulaceae) and Septotrapelia (Pilocarpaceae). Phytotaxa 150, 1–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Canals, A, Hernández-Mariné, M, Gómez-Bolea, A and Llimona, X (1997) Botryolepraria, a new monotypic genus segregated from Lepraria. Lichenologist 29, 339–345.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Del-Prado, R, Cubas, P, Lumbsch, HT, Divakar, PK, Blanco, O, Amo de Paz, G, Molina, MC and Crespo, A (2010) Genetic distances within and among species in monophyletic lineages of Parmeliaceae (Ascomycota) as a tool for taxon delimitation. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 56, 125–133.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Del-Prado, R, Divakar, PK and Crespo, A (2011) Using genetic distances in addition to ITS molecular phylogeny to identify potential species in the Parmotrema reticulatum complex: a case study. Lichenologist 43, 569–583.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Del-Prado, R, Divakar, PK, Lumbsch, T and Crespo, A (2016) Hidden genetic diversity in an asexually reproducing lichen forming fungal group. PLoS ONE 11, e0161031.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Diederich, P, Ertz, D, van den Broeck, D, van den Boom, P, Brand, M and Sérusiaux, E (2009) New or interesting lichens and lichenicolous fungi from Belgium, Luxembourg and northern France. XII. Bulletin de la Société des Naturalistes Luxembourgeois 110, 75–92.Google Scholar
Ekman, S and Tønsberg, T (2002) Most species of Lepraria and Leproloma form a monophyletic group closely related to Stereocaulon. Mycological Research 106, 1262–1276.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Elix, JA (2006) The chemical diversity of Lepraria coriensis and L. usnica (lichenized Ascomycota) in Australia. Australasian Lichenology 58, 24–26.Google Scholar
Gueidan, C, Roux, C and Lutzoni, F (2007) Using a multigene phylogenetic analysis to assess generic delineation and character evolution in Verrucariaceae (Verrucariales, Ascomycota). Mycological Research 111, 1145–1168.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harris, RC, Brodo, IM and Tønsberg, T (2000) Lecanora thysanophora, a common leprose lichen in eastern North America. Bryologist 103, 790–793.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hauck, M, Tønsberg, T, Mayrhofer, H, De Bruyn, U, Enkhtuya, O and Davkhlan, S (2013) New records of lichen species from western Mongolia. Folia Cryptogamica Estonica 50, 13–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hodkinson, BP and Lendemer, JC (2013) Next-generation sequencing reveals sterile crustose lichen phylogeny. Mycosphere 4, 1028–1039.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
John, V, Pungin, A and Dolnik, C (2016) Aktuelle Daten zu den Flechtenbiota in Rheinland-Pfalz und im Saarland. II. Die Gattungen Botryolepraria und Lepraria. Fauna und Flora in Rheinland-Pfalz 13, 279–311.Google Scholar
Kistenich, S, Timdal, E, Bendiksby, M and Ekman, S (2018) Molecular systematics and character evolution in the lichen family Ramalinaceae (Ascomycota: Lecanorales). Taxon 67, 871–904.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Knudsen, K and Elix, JA (2007) Lepraria. In Nash, TH III, Gries, C and Bungartz, F (eds), Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region, Vol. 3. Tempe, Arizona: Lichens Unlimited, Arizona State University, pp. 384–388.Google Scholar
Kukwa, M (2006) Notes on taxonomy and distribution of the lichen species Lepraria ecorticata comb. nov. Mycotaxon 97, 63–66.Google Scholar
Kukwa, M and Pérez-Ortega, S (2010) A second species of Botryolepraria from the Neotropics and the phylogenetic placement of the genus within Ascomycota. Mycological Progress 9, 345–351.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Laundon, JR (1992) Lepraria in the British Isles. Lichenologist 24, 315–350.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Laundon, JR (2003) Six lichens of the Lecanora varia group. Nova Hedwigia 76, 83–111.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lendemer, JC (2020) Leprocaulon beechingii (Leprocaulaceae), a new species from the southern Appalachian Mountains of eastern North America. Bryologist 123, 1–10.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lendemer, JC and Hodkinson, BP (2013) A radical shift in the taxonomy of Lepraria s.l.: molecular and morphological studies shed new light on the evolution of asexuality and lichen growth form diversification. Mycologia 105, 994–1018.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Löytynoja, A (2014) Phylogeny-aware alignment with PRANK. In Russell, DJ (ed.), Multiple Sequence Alignment Methods. Methods in Molecular Biology Series, Vol. 1079. Totowa, New Jersey: Humana Press, pp. 155–170.Google Scholar
Löytynoja, A and Goldman, N (2010) webPRANK: a phylogeny-aware multiple sequence aligner with interactive alignment browser. BMC Bioinformatics 11, 579.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Miller, MA, Pfeiffer, W and Schwartz, T (2010) Creating the CIPRES Science Gateway for inference of large phylogenetic trees. In Proceedings of the Gateway Computing Environments Workshop (GCE), 14 November 2010, New Orleans, Louisiana, pp. 1–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nelsen, MP, Lumbsch, HT, Lücking, R and Elix, JA (2008) Further evidence for the polyphyly of Lepraria (Lecanorales: Stereocaulaceae). Nova Hedwigia 87, 361–371.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Orange, A, James, PW and White, FJ (2010) Microchemical Methods for the Identification of Lichens. London: British Lichen Society.Google Scholar
Orange, A, Earland-Bennett, PM, Hitch, CJB and Powell, M (2017) A new leprose Leprocaulon (Ascomycota, Leprocaulales) from Great Britain. Lichenologist 49, 183–188.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Øvstedal, DO and Lewis Smith, RI (2001) Lichens of Antarctica and South Georgia. A Guide to their Identification and Ecology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Øvstedal, DO and Lewis Smith, RI (2004) Additions and corrections to the lichens of Antarctica and South Georgia. Cryptogamie, Mycologie 25, 323–331.Google Scholar
Paukov, A, Sipman, HJM, Kukwa, M, Repin, R and Teptina, A (2017) New lichen records from the mountains Kinabalu and Tambuyukon (Kinabalu Park, Malaysian Borneo) [Neue Flechtenfunde von den Bergen Kinabalu und Tambuyukon (Kinabalu Park, Borneo, Malaysia)]. Herzogia 30, 237–252.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ranwez, V, Harispe, S, Delsuc, F and Douzery, EJP (2011) MACSE: Multiple Alignment of Coding SEquences accounting for frameshifts and stop codons. PLoS ONE 6, e22594.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Roux, C, Poumarat, S, Monnat, J-Y, Van Haluwyn, C, Gonnet, D, Gonnet, O, Bauvet, C, Houmeau, J-M, Boissière, J-C, Bertrand, M et al. (2020) Catalogue des lichens et champignons lichénicoles de France métropolitaine. 3e édition revue et augmentée (2020). Édit. Fontainebleau: Association Française de Lichénologie (AFL).Google Scholar
Saag, L, Saag, A and Randlane, T (2009) World survey of the genus Lepraria (Stereocaulaceae, lichenized Ascomycota). Lichenologist 41, 25–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sérusiaux, E, Diederich, P, Ertz, D and van den Boom, P (2003) New or interesting lichens and lichenicolous fungi from Belgium, Luxembourg and northern France. IX. Lejeunia n. s. 173, 1–48.Google Scholar
Stamatakis, A (2006) RAxML-VI-HPC: maximum likelihood-based phylogenetic analyses with thousands of taxa and mixed models. Bioinformatics 22, 2688–2690.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stamatakis, A, Hoover, P and Rougemont, J (2008) A fast bootstrapping algorithm for the RAxML web servers. Systematic Biology 57, 758–771.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tamura, K, Dudley, J, Nei, M and Kumar, S (2007) MEGA4: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) software version 4.0. Molecular Biology and Evolution 24, 1596–1599.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tarasova, VN, Sonina, AV, Androsova, VI and Stepanchikova, IS (2016) The lichens of forest rocky communities of the hill Muroigora (Arkhangelsk Region, Northwest Russia). Folia Cryptogamica Estonica 53, 111–121.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tønsberg, T (1992) The sorediate and isidiate, corticolous crustose lichens in Norway. Sommerfeltia 14, 1–331.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tsurykau, A, Golubkov, V and Bely, P (2016) The genus Lepraria (Stereocaulaceae, lichenized Ascomycota) in Belarus. Folia Cryptogamica Estonica 53, 43–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vaidya, G, Lohman, DJ and Meier, R (2011) SequenceMatrix: concatenation software for the fast assembly of multi-gene datasets with character set and codon information. Cladistics 27, 171–180.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vondrák, J, Malíček, J, Šoun, J and Pouska, V (2015) Epiphytic lichens of Stužica (E Slovakia) in the context of Central European old-growth forests. Herzogia 28, 104–126.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zedda, L (2000) Lecanora leuckertiana sp. nov. (lichenized Ascomycetes, Lecanorales) from Italy, Greece, Morocco and Spain. Nova Hedwigia 71, 107–112.CrossRefGoogle Scholar