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The use of semi-coke for phenol removal from aqueous solutions

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Abstract

The paper deals with a comparative study of equilibrium and kinetics of phenol adsorption from aqueous solutions by means of commercial activated carbons and semi-cokes, differing in the nature of feedstock, production technology and structural characteristics. The main adsorption parameters are calculated with the usage of Langmuir and Dubinin–Radushkevich equations. The change in the characteristics of the structure and state of the surface of semi-coke P2 as a result of modification is estimated. It was found that phenol adsorption kinetics is described by a pseudo-second-order model. The adsorption rate constants and the coefficient of external diffusion mass transfer are calculated. It is proved that phenol extraction from aqueous solutions presents a mixed-diffusion nature, and the process rate is limited by external mass transfer for 13 min for SKD-515 and 22 min for ABG. To increase the adsorption capacity, the oxidative modification of the semi-coke P2 was carried out. Considering the economic and technological aspects, ABG semi-coke is recognized as a promising sorbent for phenol extraction from aqueous media.

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Abbreviations

°C:

Degree Celsius

μmol:

Micromol

mmol:

Millimol

mg:

Milligram

ml:

Milliliter

AC:

Activated carbon

C 0 :

Initial phenol concentration (mmol/l)

C e :

Equilibrium phenol concentration (mmol/l)

C s :

Solubility (mmol/l)

E :

Characteristic energy of adsorption (J/mol)

GAC:

Granular activated carbon

q 0 :

Limiting adsorption capacity (mmol/g)

q e :

Phenol adsorption

q max :

Maximum adsorption capacity of the monolayer (mmol/g)

q t :

Adsorption during time t (mg/g)

k 1 :

Pseudo-first-order adsorption rate constant (min−1)

k 2 :

Pseudo-second-order adsorption rate constant (g/mg·min1/2)

k id :

Diffusion rate constant inside the adsorbent grain (mg/g min1/2)

K H :

Henry constant

K L :

Adsorption equilibrium constant of Langmuir (l/mol)

m :

Sorbent mass (g)

S BET :

BET surface area (m2/g)

TVFM:

Theory of volume filling of micropores

V :

Solution volume (l)

T :

Change in the adsorbed amount of a substance during the time

t e :

Time to reach adsorption equilibrium (min)

V meso :

Mesopore volume (cm3/g)

V micro :

Micropore volume (cm3/g)

V s :

Total pore volume (cm3/g)

W 0 :

Adsorption space limit filled by a component (cm3/g)

β n :

Coefficient of external mass transfer (min−1)

ρ b :

Bulk density of the adsorbent (g/cm3)

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Acknowledgements

This work is carried out as a part of the Coordination Plan of the Scientific Council of Russian Academy of Sciences in physical chemistry (number 20-03-460-27, section Adsorption phenomena). This research was conducted on equipment at the Kemerovo Regional Collective-Use Center, Federal Research Center of Coal and Coal Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Technosphere Safety, Kemerovo State University, Boulevard Stroiteley, 47, Kemerovo, 650056, Russia

    Tamara A. Krasnova, Natalia V. Gora, Oxana V. Belyaeva, Alena K. Gorelkina, Nadezhda S. Golubeva & Irina V. Timoshchuk

Authors
  1. Tamara A. Krasnova
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  2. Natalia V. Gora
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  3. Oxana V. Belyaeva
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  4. Alena K. Gorelkina
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  5. Nadezhda S. Golubeva
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  6. Irina V. Timoshchuk
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Correspondence to Tamara A. Krasnova.

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Krasnova, T.A., Gora, N.V., Belyaeva, O.V. et al. The use of semi-coke for phenol removal from aqueous solutions. Carbon Lett. 31, 1023–1032 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42823-020-00216-z

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