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Adaptive Radiation of Four-Legged Mites of the Family Phytoptidae (Acariformes, Eriophyoidea) on Dicotyledons: Host–Parasite Relationships and Ability to Induce Gallogenesis

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Abstract

Four-legged mites of the family Phytoptidae (Acariformes, Eriophyoidea) are represented on eudicot plants by 31 species of two subfamilies: Phytoptinae (1 genus, 19 species) and Sierraphytoptinae (7 genera, 12 species). Most phytoptid species that are capable of inducing various growth abnormalities in plants (galls, erinea, bud growth, and other injuries) belong to the subfamily Phytoptinae. Analysis of the quantitative traits has shown that no groups of phytoptid species associated with eudicots can be outlined based on the currently available morphometric characters. The correlation between the prodorsal shield ornamentation, the presence of the tibial solenidion, and the geographic distribution of phytoptid mites is analyzed, and groups of phytoptine species with similar prodorsum topography are discussed. Analysis of host associations of phytoptids from eudicots has revealed no cophylogenetic patterns; many hosts of phytoptids are narrow-range endemics and relicts. It is supposed that phytoptids originated in the tropics or in the Southern Hemisphere. The current classification of phytoptids into subfamilies is probably artificial; it does not reflect the phylogeny of this group and needs a revision based on molecular phylogenetic data.

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Funding

This work was carried out within the framework of research assignment AAAA-A19-119020790133-6 of the Russian Academy of Sciences and supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project 19-04-00127.

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  1. St. Petersburg State University, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russia

    S. I. Sukhareva

  2. Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russia

    Ph. E. Chetverikov

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Correspondence to S. I. Sukhareva.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. All the applicable international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed. All the procedures performed in studies involving animals were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institution or practice at which the studies were conducted.

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Sukhareva, S.I., Chetverikov, P.E. Adaptive Radiation of Four-Legged Mites of the Family Phytoptidae (Acariformes, Eriophyoidea) on Dicotyledons: Host–Parasite Relationships and Ability to Induce Gallogenesis. Entmol. Rev. 100, 863–880 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0013873820060135

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